A case is recorded of persistent neonatal hypoglycaemia characterized by early onset, normoinsulinaemia and improvement following glucagon therapy. The pancreatic A cell were very few in number and were mainly degranulated. There was a slight increase of B cells, but changes in cells producing somatostatin and human pancreatic polypeptide were not encountered. The differential diagnosis is discussed with the conclusion that the most probable causative factor was the deficiency of A cells.
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