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Genetic and Molecular Characterization of Avian Influenza A(H9N2) Viruses from Live Bird Markets (LBM) in Senegal.
Viruses
January 2025
Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar BP 220, Senegal.
Despite extensive experience with influenza surveillance in humans in Senegal, there is limited knowledge about the actual situation and genetic diversity of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulating in the country, hindering control measures and pandemic risk assessment. Therefore, as part of the "One Health" approach to influenza surveillance, we conducted active AIV surveillance in two live bird markets (LBMs) in Dakar to better understand the dynamics and diversity of influenza viruses in Senegal, obtain genetic profiles of circulating AIVs, and assess the risk of emergence of novel strains and their transmission to humans. Cloacal swabs from poultry and environmental samples collected weekly from the two LBMs were screened by RT-qPCR for H5, H7, and H9 AIVs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploiting the Achilles' Heel of Viral RNA Processing to Develop Novel Antivirals.
Viruses
December 2024
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Treatment options for viral infections are limited and viruses have proven adept at evolving resistance to many existing therapies, highlighting a significant vulnerability in our defenses. In response to this challenge, we explored the modulation of cellular RNA metabolic processes as an alternative paradigm to antiviral development. Previously, the small molecule 5342191 was identified as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication by altering viral RNA accumulation at doses that minimally affect host gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of Oseltamivir and Diabetes Development.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
: Influenza is a major global health challenge, causing thousands of deaths annually. Antiviral drugs, particularly oseltamivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor, have become essential therapeutic options due to their oral bioavailability and efficacy. Previous studies suggest a potential association between oseltamivir use and the onset of diabetes mellitus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of and Alkylamides on Respiratory Virus Replication and IL-8 Expression In Vitro.
Molecules
January 2025
Ric Scalzo Institute for Botanical Research, Sonoran University of Health Sciences, Tempe, AZ 85282, USA.
is a perennial medicinal herb with important immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, especially purported for the alleviation of cold and flu symptoms. Different classes of secondary metabolites of the plant, such as alkylamides, caffeic acid derivatives, polysaccharides, flavonoids, and glycoproteins, are believed to be biologically and pharmacologically active. Although previous research suggests that the alkylamides present in may be responsible for reducing the symptoms associated with the common cold or flu through their immunomodulatory activity, the roles of specific alkylamides and their targets (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of Respiratory Microbiomes in Influenza Versus Other Respiratory Infections: Systematic Review and Analysis.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore.
Studies have indicated the potential importance of the human nasal and respiratory microbiomes in health and disease. However, the roles of these microbiomes in the pathogenesis of influenza and its complications are not fully understood. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and analysis is to identify the patterns of nasal and respiratory microbiome dysbiosis and to define the unique signature bacteria associated with influenza compared with other respiratory tract infections.
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