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Catalogue of inherited autosomal recessive disorders found amongst the Roma population of Europe.

Eur J Med Genet

December 2024

Department of Clinical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Children's' Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Academic Centre on Rare Diseases, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Children's Health Ireland, Temple Street Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:

Background: The Roma population are an endogamous, genetically isolated, minority population who migrated from North-Western India to Europe from the 10th Century throughout the Byzantine period and continues to the present day. Approximately 10-12 million Romani people reside in segregated settlements in Europe, and smaller populations live in North America and China. In addition to the endogamy, they also practice consanguinity.

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Neuron navigators (NAVs) are cytoskeleton-associated proteins well known for their role in axonal guidance, neuronal migration, and neurite growth necessary for neurodevelopment. Neuron navigator 3 (NAV3) is one of the three NAV proteins highly expressed in the embryonic and adult brain. However, the role of the NAV3 gene in human disease is not well-studied.

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Genome Sequencing Identifies 13 Novel Candidate Risk Genes for Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Qatari Cohort.

Int J Mol Sci

October 2024

Neurological Disorder Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 5825, Qatar.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Despite considerable research efforts, the genetic complexity of ASD remains poorly understood, complicating diagnosis and treatment, especially in the Arab population, with its genetic diversity linked to migration, tribal structures, and high consanguinity. To address the scarcity of ASD genetic data in the Middle East, we conducted genome sequencing (GS) on 50 ASD subjects and their unaffected parents.

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Arab founder variants: Contributions to clinical genomics and precision medicine.

Med

November 2024

Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical Center, Riyadh 12233, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address:

Background: Founder variants are ancestral variants shared by individuals who are not closely related. The large effect size of some of these variants in the context of Mendelian disorders offers numerous precision medicine opportunities.

Methods: Using one of the largest datasets on Mendelian disorders in the Middle East, we identified 2,908 medically relevant founder variants derived from 18,360 exomes and genomes and investigated their contribution to the clinical annotation of the human genome.

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Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia refers to a varying degree of incomplete development of the cerebellum and vermis. A Saudi family with four affected individuals with cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, facial dysmorphology, visual impairment, skeletal, and cardiac abnormalities was ascertained in this study. Three out of four patients could not survive longer and had died in early infancy.

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