The in vitro infection of sheep choroid plexus cells by Visna virus induces changes in the distribution and the orientation of actin containing filament bundles. During the cell fusion the stellate shape of cells with several interdigitations is associated with radial spanning of the contractile system. The intercellular contacts are characterized by the occurrence of a discontinuous line of rich actin containing dots which could be a junction of several short filament bundles.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-1651(80)90187-3 | DOI Listing |
Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg
April 2024
Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
As a concept, drainage of excess fluid volume in the cranium has been around for more than 1000 years. Starting with the original decompression-trepanation of Abulcasis to modern programmable shunt systems, to other nonshunt-based treatments such as endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization, we have come far as a field. However, there are still fundamental limitations that shunts have yet to overcome: namely posture-induced over- and underdrainage, the continual need for valve opening pressure especially in pediatric cases, and the failure to reinstall physiologic intracranial pressure dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
November 2023
Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland.
The short form of the leptin receptor (LeptRa) plays a key role in the transport of leptin to the central nervous system (CNS). Here, MTS-leptin and recombinant ovine (ro) leptin-mediated expression of LeptRa and VEGFA and VEGFR2 concentration in selected hypothalamic nuclei, choroid plexus (ChP), and anterior pituitary (AP) were analyzed considering the photoperiod and acute-fasting (experiment 1), and nutritional status (experiment 2) of ewes. In experiment 1, 60 sheep were fed normally or fasted for 72 h and received one injection of saline, MTS-leptin, or roleptin 1 h prior to euthanasia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Reprod
December 2023
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Perinatal nutrition modulates the hypothalamic neurocircuitries controlling GnRH release, thus programming pubertal maturation in female mammals. Objectives of experiments reported here were to test the hypotheses that prenatal nutrition during mid- to late gestation interacts with postnatal nutrition during the juvenile period in heifer offspring to alter expression of leptin receptor (LepR) variants (ObRa, ObRb, ObRc, ObRt), and lipoprotein transporter molecules (LRP1 and 2) in the choroid plexus, leptin transport across the blood-brain barrier, and hypothalamic-hypophyseal responsiveness to exogenous ovine leptin (oleptin) during fasting. Nutritional programming of heifers employed a 3 × 2 factorial design of maternal (high, H; low, L; and moderate, M) × postnatal (H and L) dietary treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurgery
June 2023
Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Background: Congenital obstructive hydrocephalus generates progressive irreversible fetal brain damage by ventricular enlargement and incremental brain tissue compression that leads to maldevelopment and poor clinical outcomes. Intrauterine treatments such as ventriculo-amniotic shunting have been unsuccessfully tried in the eighties.
Objective: To assess if prenatal endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is feasible in a large animal model and optimize this technique for ventricular decompression and potential arrest of fetal brain damage in fetal lambs.
Pathogens
July 2022
PAVAL Laboratory INRAE/UGA USC1450, NanoBio2, Domaine Universitaire, 38400 St Martin d'Hères, France.
Animal lentiviruses (LVs) have been proven to have the capacity to cross the species barrier, to adapt in the new hosts, and to increase their pathogenesis, therefore leading to the emergence of threatening diseases. However, their potential for widespread diffusion is limited by restrictive cellular factors that block viral replication in the cells of many species. In previous studies, we demonstrated that the restriction of CAEV infection of sheep choroid plexus cells was due to aberrant post-translation cleavage of the CAEV Env gp170 precursor.
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