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Policy analysis: Key milestones in MDR-TB management over the past decade in South Africa.
J Public Health Afr
December 2024
School of Nursing, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Background: Significant strides have been made globally and in South Africa (SA) in the policy and biomedical management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). However, MDR-TB remains a significant public health threat.
Aim: This policy content analysis aims to explore the key milestones in MDR-TB management in SA and globally over the last decade, 2013-2023, to identify gaps and opportunities for improvement.
HIV clinical outcomes among people with HIV and diabetes mellitus in Kampala, Uganda; A matched retrospective cohort study.
PLOS Glob Public Health
January 2025
The Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Suppressive antiretroviral treatment (ART) has resulted into prolonged survival of people with HIV (PWH) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with resultant increase in the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCD), such as diabetes mellitus (DM). However, there is a lack of data on the effect of DM on HIV-related outcomes among PWH in this setting. The study aimed to compare HIV clinical outcomes (viral load suppression, retention in care, hospitalization, tuberculosis, and mortality) between PWH with DM and those without at two large HIV clinics in Kampala, Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenotyped cluster investigations versus standard contact tracing: comparative impact on latent tuberculosis infection cascade of care in a low-incidence region.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Road, PO Box 100009, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
Background: Cluster and contact investigations aim to identify and treat individuals with tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI). Although genotyped cluster investigations may be superior to contact investigations in generating additional epidemiological links, this may not necessarily translate into reducing infections. Here, we investigated the impact of genotyped cluster investigations compared to standard contact investigations on the LTBI care cascade in a low incidence setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterventions and implementation considerations for reducing pre-treatment loss to follow-up in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis: A scoping review.
F1000Res
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stellenbosch University Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care, Cape Town, South Africa.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death worldwide with over 90% of reported cases occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Pre-treatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU) is a key contributor to TB mortality and infection transmission.
Objectives: We performed a scoping review to map available evidence on interventions to reduce PTLFU in adults with pulmonary TB, identify gaps in existing knowledge, and develop a conceptual framework to guide intervention implementation.
Role of mothers in preventing tuberculosis in children: A scoping review.
Narra J
December 2024
Doctoral Program of Development Extension and Community Empowerment, School of Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, especially for children. The aim of this scoping review was to investigate the role of mothers in preventing childhood TB transmission and highlight effective strategies and associated barriers. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, covering articles up to January 17, 2024.
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