The W3/25+ T cell subset in rats, defined by a xenogeneic monoclonal antibody and separated by using the FACS, was demonstrated to be the proliferating cell type in the in vitro MLC and to provide an amplifier function for the W3/25- T cell subset in the generation of cytotoxic effector cells to alloantigenic targets.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) typically respond to light stimulation over their spatially restricted receptive field. Using large-scale recordings in the mouse retina, we show that a subset of non- direction-selective (DS) RGCs exhibit asymmetric activity, selective to motion direction, in response to a stimulus crossing an area far beyond the classic receptive field. The extraclassical response arises via inputs from an asymmetric distal zone and is enhanced by desensitization mechanisms and an inherent DS component, creating a network of neurons responding to motion toward the optic disc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Triple negative breast cancers often contain higher numbers of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with other breast cancer subtypes, with their number correlating with prolonged survival. Since little is known about tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte trafficking in triple negative breast cancers, we investigated the relationship between tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and the vascular compartment to better understand the immune tumour microenvironment in this aggressive cancer type. We aimed to identify mechanisms and signaling pathways responsible for immune cell trafficking in triple negative breast cancers, specifically of basal type, that could potentially be manipulated to change such tumours from immune "cold" to "hot" thereby increasing the likelihood of successful immunotherapy in this challenging patient population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Immunol
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Regulatory T cells (T) accumulate in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) to maintain systemic metabolic homeostasis but decline during obesity. Here, we explored the metabolic pathways controlling the homeostasis, composition, and function of VAT T under normal and high-fat diet feeding conditions. We found that cholesterol metabolism was specifically up-regulated in ST2 VAT T subsets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging (Albany NY)
January 2025
Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), both low-LET (e.g., X-rays, γ rays) and high-LET (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Cell Physiol
January 2025
Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang Province, China.
Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a recently identified non-coding RNA subset, are mainly classified into tRNA-derived small RNA fragments (tRFs) and tRNA-derived stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs). tsRNAs dysregulation is frequently observed in numerous cancer types, suggesting involvement in tumorigenesis. However, their functions in breast cancer (BC) remain to be fully understood.
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