An experimental quantitation of nuclear and lysosomal proteins of granulocytes was made in healthy individuals and in patients with chronic and acute myelogenous leukaemia. The patients were divided into three (II-IV) groups according to the cell maturity coefficient (K) calculated as the ratio of the total amount of myeloblasts + myelocytes and metamyelocytes towards the number of mature granulocytes of the neutrophil series. The group of donors designated as group I had K = 0. The content of nuclear (histones and non-histones) and lysosomal proteins in granulocytes at different stages of maturity was determined by means of the equations in whose left sides the unknown quantities were X1 (mature granulocytes), X2-3 (metamyelocytes and myelocytes), X4-5 (promyelocytes and myeloblasts), and in the right sides the experimental M1, M2, M3 and M4 corresponded to the quantities of proteins found for the group of patients with the determined K. The role of changes in ratios of the proteins studied in the malignant transformation of leucocytes has been discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol
March 2025
School of Physical Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Exercise activates autophagy and lysosome system in skeletal muscle, which are known to play an important role in metabolic adaptation. However, the mechanism of exercise-activated autophagy and lysosome system in obese insulin resistance remains covert. In this study, we investigated the role of exercise-induced activation of autophagy and lysosome system in improving glucose metabolism of skeletal muscle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Biol
March 2025
Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Many cancer cells exhibit increased amounts of paucimannose glycans, which are truncated N-glycan structures rarely found in mammals. Paucimannosidic proteins are proposedly generated within lysosomes and exposed on the cell surface through a yet uncertain mechanism. In this study, we revealed that paucimannosidic proteins are produced by lysosomal glycosidases and secreted via lysosomal exocytosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutophagy
January 2025
Institute for Experimental Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Lysosomes are the major cellular organelles responsible for nutrient recycling and degradation of cellular material. Maintenance of lysosomal integrity is essential for cellular homeostasis and lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) sensitizes toward cell death. Damaged lysosomes are repaired or degraded via lysophagy, during which glycans, exposed on ruptured lysosomal membranes, are recognized by galectins leading to K48- and K63-linked poly-ubiquitination (poly-Ub) of lysosomal proteins followed by recruitment of the macroautophagic/autophagic machinery and degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Cell Physiol
December 2024
Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada.
Mitochondria are metabolic hubs that govern skeletal muscle health. While exercise has been established as a powerful inducer of quality control processes that ultimately enhance mitochondrial function, there are currently limited pharmaceutical interventions available that emulate exercise-induced mitochondrial adaptations. To investigate a novel candidate for this role, we examined Sulforaphane (SFN), a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Neurosci
January 2025
Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
The abnormal assembly of tau protein in neurons is a pathological hallmark of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Assembled tau associates with extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the central nervous system of individuals with AD, which is linked to its clearance and prion-like propagation. However, the identities of the assembled tau species and EVs, as well as how they associate, are not known.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!