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Morphometric and Morphological Study of Thoracic and Lumbar Intervertebral Discs in Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus).
Anat Histol Embryol
January 2025
Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
This study investigates the gross morphological and morphometric characteristics of thoracic and lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) in guinea pigs, utilising micro-CT imaging and anatomical dissection. The findings reveal 13 thoracic and six lumbar IVDs were identified, with thoracic discs transitioning from rounded forms at T1-T3 to triangular and heart-shaped structures at T4-T13, while lumbar IVDs exhibited a consistently flattened heart shape. Morphometric analysis revealed statistically significant differences, with lumbar IVDs being larger in lateral and dorsoventral width, disc area, annulus fibrosus (AF) area and nucleus pulposus (NP) area, and ventral height compared to thoracic discs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of the Effect of Unilateral Cleft Palate on Piriform Aperture Dimensions.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J
January 2025
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
Objective: The aim of the present research was to assess and compare the piriform aperture dimensions of subjects with a unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and those of a control group using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Design: CBCT data of 40 subjects with a complete UCLP (28 males and 12 females, with a mean age of 17.21 ± 5.
A super-resolution algorithm to fuse orthogonal CT volumes using OrthoFusion.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Divisions of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
OrthoFusion, an intuitive super-resolution algorithm, is presented in this study to enhance the spatial resolution of clinical CT volumes. The efficacy of OrthoFusion is evaluated, relative to high-resolution CT volumes (ground truth), by assessing image volume and derived bone morphological similarity, as well as its performance in specific applications in 2D-3D registration tasks. Results demonstrate that OrthoFusion significantly reduced segmentation time, while improving structural similarity of bone images and relative accuracy of derived bone model geometries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe vertebrate small leucine-rich proteoglycans: amplification of a clustered gene family and evolution of their transcriptional profile in jawed vertebrates.
G3 (Bethesda)
January 2025
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 34090 Montpellier, France.
Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans (SLRPs) are a major family of vertebrate proteoglycans. In bony vertebrates, SLRPs have a variety of functions from structural to signaling and are found in extracellular matrices, notably in skeletal tissues. However, there is little or no data on the diversity, function and expression patterns of SLRPs in cartilaginous fishes, which hinders our understanding of how these genes evolved with the diversification of vertebrates, in particular regarding the early events of whole genome duplications that shaped gnathostome and cyclostome genomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs Ultrasonography an Effective Method for Diagnosing Degenerative Changes in the Temporomandibular Joint?
Biomedicines
December 2024
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, 17 Mariana Smoluchowskiego Street, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland.
Background: The accurate diagnosis of degenerative joint diseases (DJDs) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) presents a significant clinical challenge due to their progressive nature and the complexity of associated structural changes. These conditions, characterized by cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, and eventual joint dysfunction, necessitate reliable and efficient imaging techniques for early detection and effective management. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely regarded as the gold standard for evaluating osseous changes in the TMJ, offering detailed visualization of bony structures.
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