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Nutritional Management of Pediatric Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders.
Nutrients
September 2024
Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
Normal and optimal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is paramount to ensure optimal nutrition through digestion, absorption and motility function. Disruptions in these functions can lead to adverse physiological symptoms, reduced quality of life and increased nutritional risk. When disruption or dysfunction of neuromuscular function occurs, motility disorders can be classified depending on whether coordination or strength/velocity of peristalsis are predominantly impacted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFButterfly Wings Effect on High Resolution Manometry in A Patient with Esophageal Achalasia.
J Gastrointestin Liver Dis
March 2024
Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy.
A 57-year-old man presented with dysphagia in solids and liquids deteriorating in the last months and weight loss of 3 kg. A thoracic CT revealed a limit dilatation of the lower esophagus with food residue. An upper endoscopy was performed revealing bubble content and a contraction of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of mechanoregulation in mast cell-mediated immune inflammation of the smooth muscle in the pathophysiology of esophageal motility disorders.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
April 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sidney Kummel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
Major esophageal disorders involve obstructive transport of bolus to the stomach, causing symptoms of dysphagia and impaired clearing of the refluxed gastric contents. These may occur due to mechanical constriction of the esophageal lumen or loss of relaxation associated with deglutitive inhibition, as in achalasia-like disorders. Recently, immune inflammation has been identified as an important cause of esophageal strictures and the loss of inhibitory neurotransmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiota profiling in esophageal diseases: Novel insights into molecular staining and clinical outcomes.
Comput Struct Biotechnol J
December 2024
Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Gut microbiota is recognized nowadays as one of the key players in the development of several gastro-intestinal diseases. The first studies focused mainly on healthy subjects with staining of main bacterial species via culture-based techniques. Subsequently, lots of studies tried to focus on principal esophageal disease enlarged the knowledge on esophageal microbial environment and its role in pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Neurology: Allgrove Syndrome: An Intriguing Etiology of Motor Neuron Disease in Children.
Neurology
February 2024
From the Department of Pediatrics (J.G.), SMS Medical College Jaipur, Rajasthan; Madhukar Rainbow Children's Hospital (S.R.C.), New Delhi; Child Neurology Division (P.J., K.R., B.C., S.G.), Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research on Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (V.J.), Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Motor neuron diseases are a rare group of neurodegenerative disorders with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity and a multitude of etiologies in the pediatric population. In this study, we report 2 unrelated adolescents (a boy and a girl) who presented with 4-6 years of progressive difficulty in walking, thinning of limbs, and gradually progressive darkening of the skin. Examination revealed generalized hyperpigmentation of skin and features suggestive of motor neuron involvement such as tongue atrophy, wasting of distal extremities, and brisk deep tendon reflexes.
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