The oxygen metabolism (pO2, the constant of the oxygen rate consumption, the coefficient of the oxygen distribution), the activity of oxid-reduced and hydrolytic enzymes, the blood supply of the kidney cortex and medulla, were recorded. These data were compared with the erythropoietin activity of plasma in the rats with phenylhydrazine anemia and posttransfusion polycytemia. An obvious reverse interrelationship existed between plasma erythropoietin activity and value of pO2 and blood supply of the cortex. The activity of the above enzymes was practically unchanged. The data obtained suggest that erythropoietin is formed in the cortex of the kidney and its production is controlled by the degree of oxygen supply of the kidney tissue.
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