Some reduction of the length of C segments and their variability in chromosomes 1, 9, 16 and Y was exhibited by children having disturbances at an early stage of embryogenesis. The data obtained might suggest a certain activity of the heterochromatic regions during the embryo development. Based on these data, one may also suppose that reduction of the heterochromatin amount may affect the normal morphogenetic processes.
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The centromere effect (CE) is a meiotic phenomenon that ensures meiotic crossover suppression in pericentromeric regions. Despite being a critical safeguard against nondisjunction, the mechanisms behind the CE remain unknown. Previous studies have shown that various regions of the pericentromere, encompassing proximal euchromatin, beta and alpha heterochromatin, undergo varying levels of crossover suppression, raising the question of whether distinct mechanisms establish the CE in these different regions.
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