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Altered Connectome Topology in Newborns at Risk for Cognitive Developmental Delay: A Cross-Etiologic Study.
Hum Brain Mapp
January 2025
Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
The human brain connectome is characterized by the duality of highly modular structure and efficient integration, supporting information processing. Newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD), prematurity, or spina bifida aperta (SBA) constitute a population at risk for altered brain development and developmental delay (DD). We hypothesize that, independent of etiology, alterations of connectomic organization reflect neural circuitry impairments in cognitive DD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantifying information stored in synaptic connections rather than in firing patterns of neural networks.
ArXiv
November 2024
Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
A cornerstone of our understanding of both biological and artificial neural networks is that they store information in the strengths of connections among the constituent neurons. However, in contrast to the well-established theory for quantifying information encoded by the firing patterns of neural networks, little is known about quantifying information encoded by its synaptic connections. Here, we develop a theoretical framework using continuous Hopfield networks as an exemplar for associative neural networks, and data that follow mixtures of broadly applicable multivariate log-normal distributions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGPR37 and its neuroprotective mechanisms: bridging osteocalcin signaling and brain function.
Front Cell Dev Biol
November 2024
Physical Education College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Osteocalcin (OCN) is a hormone secreted by osteoblasts and has attracted widespread attention for its role in regulating brain function. Clinical studies indicate a positive correlation between levels of circulating OCN and cognitive performance. Indeed, lower circulating OCN has been detected in various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), while OCN supplementation under certain conditions may improve cognitive function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA tale of two algorithms: Structured slots explain prefrontal sequence memory and are unified with hippocampal cognitive maps.
Neuron
November 2024
Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Remembering events is crucial to intelligent behavior. Flexible memory retrieval requires a cognitive map and is supported by two key brain systems: hippocampal episodic memory (EM) and prefrontal working memory (WM). Although an understanding of EM is emerging, little is understood of WM beyond simple memory retrieval.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing Time in Tight Glucose Range as a Health-Promoting Strategy in Preschoolers With Type 1 Diabetes.
Diabetes Care
January 2025
Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Children who develop diabetes in their first years of life risk being exposed to many decades of hyperglycemia, hence having a high risk of early complications and premature death. An additional age-dependent risk is that dysglycemia, especially hyperglycemia, negatively affects the developing brain. In evaluating the outcome of insulin treatment at an individual and group level, cutoff thresholds for glucose values are needed.
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