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Establishment and comprehensive characterization of a novel dark-reared zebrafish model for myopia studies.
Exp Eye Res
September 2024
School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address:
Myopia is predicted to impact approximately 5 billion people by 2050, necessitating mechanistic understanding of its development. Myopia results from dysregulated genetic mechanisms of emmetropization, caused by over-exposure to aberrant visual environments; however, these genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Recent human genome-wide association studies have identified a range of novel myopia-risk genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of spiritual mindset and gender in small business entrepreneurial success.
Front Psychol
December 2022
University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Introduction: Spirituality can be understood as a capital based on individual capabilities created by the application of intrinsic spiritual values, in order to use and develop human potential. The literature points out that spiritual capital increasingly influences and motivates entrepreneurs.
Methods: In this paper, we investigate whether spirituality has a mediating role between psychological resilience, optimism and entrepreneurial success, and verify the gender differences.
The proportion of working memory items recoverable from long-term memory remains fixed despite adult aging.
Psychol Aging
November 2022
Department of Psychological Sciences.
We explored whether long-term memory (LTM) retrieval is constrained by working memory (WM) limitations, in 80 younger and 80 older adults. Participants performed a WM task with images of unique everyday items, presented at varying set sizes. Subsequently, we tested participants' LTM for items from the WM task and examined the ratio of LTM/WM retention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnterior precuneus related to the recovery of consciousness.
Neuroimage Clin
March 2022
Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China; Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510335, China. Electronic address:
The neural mechanism that enables the recovery of consciousness in patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) remains unclear. The aim of the current study is to characterize the cortical hub regions related to the recovery of consciousness. In the current fMRI study, voxel-wise degree centrality analysis was adopted to identify the cortical hubs related to the recovery of consciousness, for which a total of 27 UWS patients were recruited, including 13 patients who emerged from UWS (UWS-E), and 14 patients who remained in UWS (UWS-R) at least three months after the experiment performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSearching for Rewards Like a Child Means Less Generalization and More Directed Exploration.
Psychol Sci
November 2019
Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
How do children and adults differ in their search for rewards? We considered three different hypotheses that attribute developmental differences to (a) children's increased random sampling, (b) more directed exploration toward uncertain options, or (c) narrower generalization. Using a search task in which noisy rewards were spatially correlated on a grid, we compared the ability of 55 younger children (ages 7 and 8 years), 55 older children (ages 9-11 years), and 50 adults (ages 19-55 years) to successfully generalize about unobserved outcomes and balance the exploration-exploitation dilemma. Our results show that children explore more eagerly than adults but obtain lower rewards.
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