Clinical and histological study of 8 cases of Vilyui encephalomyelitis (VEM), characterized by chronic and acute course has shown that all the features of local non-purulent encephalomyelitis with marked dystrophic and atrophic changes of neural tissue were characteristic of VEM. Immunomorphological reaction that manifested as perivascular and membrane lymphoplasmacytic infiltrations was observed in patients with a more acute VEM course or with exacerbation of chronic VEM. Hydrocephalus is considered as a serious aggravating factor that favours atrophic nervous changes during protracted and chronic VEM course.
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