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A Mutation in the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) UL29 Gene is Associated with Anti-Herpesvirus Drugs' Susceptibility.
Viruses
November 2024
Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) acyclovir (ACV) resistance is acquired by mutations in the viral thymidine kinase (TK) or DNA polymerase (DNApol) genes. We previously obtained an ACV-resistant clone (HSV-1_VZV_TK_clone α) by sequential passages of HSV-1_VZV-TK, a recombinant virus which lacked its endogenous TK activity and instead expressed the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) TK ectopically. HSV-1_VZV_TK_clone α had been generated using an HSV-1_BAC in the presence of increasing concentrations of ACV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of Extract for Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition and Serum Uric Acid Reduction in a Hyperuricemic Mouse Model.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
November 2024
Independent Researcher, San Luis Potosí 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
: Current urate-lowering therapies may cause serious side effects in patients. Thus, alternative treatments are needed to regulate uric acid (UA) levels in patients with hyperuricemia associated with kidney injury, and natural antioxidant sources have demonstrated utility in this field. For the first time, our study evaluated the effects of an extract of insects on the levels of xanthine oxidase (XO) enzymes and synthetic free radicals in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioactivation, Mutagenicity, DNA Damage, and Oxidative Stress Induced by 3,4-Dimethylaniline.
Biomolecules
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
3,4-Dimethylaniline (3,4-DMA) is present in cigarette smoke and widely used as an intermediate in dyes, drugs, and pesticides. Nucleotide excision repair-deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably transfected with human CYP1A2 and N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) alleles: (reference allele) or (the most common variant allele) were utilized to assess 3,4-DMA -acetylation and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mutations, double-strand DNA breaks and reactive oxygen species (ROS). CHO cells expressing exhibited significantly ( < 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebral Hemorrhage in Varicella-Zoster Virus Encephalitis: A Case Study.
Am J Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
BACKGROUND Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis is a commonly reported form of encephalitis that clinically manifests as skin lesions, fever, headache, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. We present a case of a patient with VZV encephalitis complicated by cerebral hemorrhagic transformation, characterized by high levels of inflammation and protein in the cerebrospinal fluid. The aim is to highlight the risk of hemorrhagic transformation associated with VZV encephalitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHyaluronic Acid-Based pH-Sensitive Nanogel: Synthesis, Characterization, and Assessment for Acyclovir Delivery In Vitro and In Vivo.
Biomacromolecules
January 2025
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
Acyclovir (ACV) is a potentially effective antiviral medication; however, it has a serious drawback, which is its poor solubility, bioavailability, and short half-life. The goal of this study is to improve its drawbacks through the synthesis of nanogels. In this study, the cross-linked hyaluronic acid-grafted poly(acrylamide--itaconic acid) nanogel is synthesized successfully through free radical polymerization and used as a safe pH-responsive carrier for ACV.
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