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[Pharmacological effects of fonturacetam (Actitropil) and prospects for its clinical use].
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova
September 2024
Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control», Moscow, Russia.
Phenylpiracetam (PP) is a nootropic drug with additional pharmacological effects, including anxiolytic, antiasthenic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant effects. The paper presents the results of an analysis of experimental and clinical studies, which indicate the prospects for the use of PP in cerebral ischemia, neurodegenerative pathologies, epilepsy, asthenia, and mental disorders. The adaptogenic properties and mitochondrial protective effect of PP are considered, assessments of the possible effect of PP on neurotransmitter systems, regulation of carbohydrate and fat metabolism with the prospects for the use of PP in patients with metabolic syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Multiple dural arteriovenous fistulas showing isolated subcortical white matter T hyperintensity with gadolinium enhancement].
Rinsho Shinkeigaku
August 2024
Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.
Article Synopsis
- A 44-year-old man experienced atonic seizures in his left arm followed by generalized seizures, with an MRI revealing abnormalities in the right frontal lobe's white and gray matter.
- Treatment with levetiracetam controlled his seizures, while further tests and imaging suggested possible neuro-Sweet disease and revealed cerebrovascular issues, including four dural arteriovenous fistulas.
- After successful endovascular embolization to treat the fistulas, the patient's condition improved, and he remained seizure-free for two years.
Effect of levetiracetam on DNA oxidation and glutathione content in a temporal lobe epilepsy model.
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)
March 2024
Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.
Levetiracetam (LEV) is a drug commonly used as an anticonvulsant. However, recent evidence points to a possible role as an antioxidant. We previously demonstrated the antioxidant properties of LEV by significantly increasing catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and decreasing the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in the hippocampus of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) showing scavenging properties against the hydroxyl radical.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsights into the management of Lewy body dementia: a scoping review.
Ann Med Surg (Lond)
February 2024
Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Lewy body dementia (LBD) is situated at the convergence of neurodegenerative disorders, posing an intricate and diverse clinical dilemma. The accumulation of abnormal protein in the brain, namely, the Lewy body causes disturbances in typical neural functioning, leading to a range of cognitive, motor, and mental symptoms that have a substantial influence on the overall well-being and quality of life of affected individuals. There is no definitive cure for the disease; however, several nonpharmacological and pharmacological modalities have been tried with questionable efficacies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFormulating treatment of major psychiatric disorders: algorithm targets the dominantly affected brain cell-types.
Discov Ment Health
January 2023
Department of Medicine, University of California, 2069 Filbert Street, San Francisco, CA, 94123, USA.
Background: Pharmacotherapy for most psychiatric conditions was developed from serendipitous observations of benefit from drugs prescribed for different reasons. An algorithmic approach to formulating pharmacotherapy is proposed, based upon which combination of changed activities by brain cell-types is dominant for any particular condition, because those cell-types contain and surrogate for genetic, metabolic and environmental information, that has affected their function. The algorithm performs because functions of some or all the affected cell-types benefit from several available drugs: clemastine, dantrolene, erythropoietin, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, minocycline, pioglitazone, piracetam, and riluzole PROCEDURES/FINDINGS: Bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and post-traumatic stress disorder, illustrate the algorithm; for them, literature reviews show that no single combination of altered cell-types accounts for all cases; but they identify, for each condition, which combination occurs most frequently, i.
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