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Rspo3-mediated metabolic liver zonation regulates systemic glucose metabolism and body mass in mice.
PLoS Biol
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
The unique architecture of the liver consists of hepatic lobules, dividing the hepatic features of metabolism into 2 distinct zones, namely the pericentral and periportal zones, the spatial characteristics of which are broadly defined as metabolic zonation. R-spondin3 (Rspo3), a bioactive protein promoting the Wnt signaling pathway, regulates metabolic features especially around hepatic central veins. However, the functional impact of hepatic metabolic zonation, regulated by the Rspo3/Wnt signaling pathway, on whole-body metabolism homeostasis remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurochemical mechanism of muscular pain: Insight from the study on delayed onset muscle soreness.
J Physiol Sci
January 2025
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 950-3198, Niigata, Japan; Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences (IHMMS), Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 950-3198, Niigata, Japan.
We reviewed fundamental studies on muscular pain, encompassing the characteristics of primary afferent fibers and neurons, spinal and thalamic projections, several muscular pain models, and possible neurochemical mechanisms of muscle pain. Most parts of this review were based on data obtained from animal experiments, and some researches on humans were also introduced. We focused on delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) induced by lengthening contractions (LC), suitable for studying myofascial pain syndromes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortical HFS-induced neo-Hebbian local plasticity enhances efferent output signal and strengthens afferent input connectivity.
eNeuro
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
High-frequency stimulation (HFS)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) is generally regarded as a homosynaptic Hebbian-type LTP, where synaptic changes are thought to occur at the synapses that project from the stimulation site and terminate onto the neurons at the recording site. In this study, we first investigated HFS-induced LTP on urethane-anesthetized rats and found that cortical HFS enhances neural responses at the recording site through the strengthening of local connectivity with nearby neurons at the stimulation site, rather than through synaptic strengthening at the recording site. This enhanced local connectivity at the stimulation site leads to increased output propagation, resulting in signal potentiation at the recording site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrasound pupillometry for the detection of a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD): Systematic evaluation in patients with optic neuritis and comparison with infrared video pupillometry.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Purpose: A relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) is a characteristic clinical sign of optic neuritis (ON). Here, we systematically evaluated ultrasound pupillometry (UP) for the detection of an RAPD in patients with ON, including a comparison with infrared video pupillometry (IVP), the gold standard for objective pupillometry.
Materials And Methods: We enrolled 40 patients with acute (n = 9) or past (n = 31) ON (ON+), 31 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) without prior ON, and 50 healthy controls (HC) in a cross-sectional observational study.
Integration of Microarray Data and Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis to Explore Key Genes Associated with Macrophage Infiltration in Heart Failure.
J Inflamm Res
December 2024
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Background: Cardiac macrophages are a heterogeneous population with high plasticity and adaptability, and their mechanisms in heart failure (HF) remain poorly elucidated.
Methods: We used single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data to reveal the heterogeneity of non-cardiomyocytes and assess the immunoreactivity of each subpopulation. Additionally, we employed four integrated machine learning algorithms to identify macrophage-related genes with diagnostic value, and in vivo validation was performed.
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