This report provides morphological and analytical data for a group of green sunfish collected from an area relatively free of metals and a second group of the same species collected from a lake into which selenium had been discharged. Neutron activation data of livers (and kidneys) collected from these fish show an average of about 11 ppm selenium (fresh weight) for both organs; other metals were not detected in the liver (or kidneys) of these fish. Ultrastructural examination of livers from fish of this group showed focal necrosis, areas of granular cytoplasm, fatty infiltration, increased numbers of Kupffer cells, and disorganized liver architecture--compared with those of controls. The presence of massive levels of selenium in the liver and concomitant hepatocyte changes suggests a causal relationship between these phenomena.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000433-198303000-00004 | DOI Listing |
Inflammation
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Cholestasis is a multifactorial hepatobiliary disorder, characterized by obstruction of bile flow and accumulation of bile, which in turn causes damage to liver cells and other tissues. In severe cases, it can result in the development of life-threatening conditions, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Paeoniflorin (PF) has been demonstrated to possess favourable therapeutic potential for the treatment of cholestasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinology
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, 610065, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
Low temperatures significantly impact growth in ectothermic vertebrates, though the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates the role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels in mediating low temperature effects on growth performance and growth hormone (GH) resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Prolonged exposure to low temperature (16°C for 35 days) impaired growth performance and induced GH resistance, characterized by elevated serum GH levels and decreased insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
It is critical to sustain the diversity of the microbiota to maintain host homeostasis and health. Growing evidence indicates that changes in gut microbial biodiversity may be associated with the development of several pathologies, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin is still the first-line drug for treatment of T2DM unless there are contra-indications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells critically depend on PARP1 and CHK1 activation for survival. Combining the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib with a CHK1 inhibitor (MK-8776, CHK1i) produced a synergistic effect, reducing cell viability and inducing marked oxidative stress and DNA damage, particularly in the HepG2 cells. This dual treatment significantly increased apoptosis markers, including γH2AX and caspase-3/7 activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Biomembrane Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 6-1-2, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo 113-8613, Japan.
We previously isolated a cDNA clone for galactosylceramide expression factor 1, which is the rat homologue of hepatocyte-growth-factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HGS) and induces galactosylceramide expression and morphological changes in COS-7 cells, and reported that overexpression of HGS induced morphological changes in canine kidney epithelial MDCK cells. HGS is a component of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport machinery that mediates endosomal multivesicle body formation. In this study, the overexpression of HGS induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and caused transformation in MDCK cells, whereas the overexpression of a coiled-coil domain of HGS inhibited induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by HGF stimulation.
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