Phencyclidine (PCP) given to male Wistar rats produced hyperactivity and various stereotypic motor behaviors. Methadone, apomorphine, and naloxone were tested for their effects on PCP-induced stereotypy. Methadone (0.5 mg/kg) had no effect on the hyperactivity produced by PCP, but significantly attenuated PCP-induced stereotypy when given both before and after PCP. Low doses of apomorphine were equally effective as methadone in attenuating PCP-induced stereotypy. However, when naloxone was given after methadone or apomorphine to PCP-treated rats, the full PCP-induced stereotypy was again observed. Naloxone pretreatment on doses up to 20 mg/kg was not effective in antagonizing PCP-induced behavioral effects. Methadone and apomorphine antagonism of PCP-induced stereotypy may be mediated by opiate receptors. The results of this study and observations from human studies collectively suggest the possible effectiveness of opiates in treating PCP-induced and functional psychoses.
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