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Background and objective RhD variants show altered D antigen expression, affecting their serological detection. Proper identification is crucial due to potential anti-D antibody formation. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the frequency and characteristics of D variant cases encountered during RhD typing in both blood donors and recipients and the transfusion implications.

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[Study on the Production of Anti-D and Anti-E Mixed Antibodies by Alloimmunization in RhD Variant Type33 Recipients].

Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi

December 2024

Blood Group Reference Laboratory, Ningxia Blood Center, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.

Objective: To investigate the cause of the production of anti-D and anti-E mixed antibody in an RhD positive patient.

Methods: The ABO/Rh blood group typing and irregular antibody specificity were identified by conventional serological methods, the gene exon 1-10 and heterozygous analysis were performed by sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP), and the whole exon sequence was analyzed by first-generation sequencing.

Results: The patient's Rh blood group was weak D Type33, with the allele was , the patients was found to be heterozygous, with an Rh typing of Ccee, and the patient had developed anti-D combined with anti-E mixed antibodies.

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Variant D antigens can cause variable serologic results when typing with Anti-D reagents. There is limited information regarding the ability of Anti-D reagents to differentiate between D variants defined by genotyping. This study was performed to determine if a panel of 20 U.

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is a major pathogen that causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children, adolescents, and elderly individuals and can lead to pneumonia, intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary complications, and respiratory sequelae. must adhere to respiratory epithelial cells of a host for infection. The P1 and P30 proteins, as two adhesin proteins of , have attracted extensive attention from many researchers.

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Leptospirosis is a widespread disease throughout the world, presenting in severe clinical forms in dogs. The pathogenicity of the different serovars in field infections is not fully documented, and clinical diagnosis is often limited to a combination of serological tests and molecular analyses. The latter, although a fundamental tool, cannot identify the infecting strain without further analysis.

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