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Viral antibody response predicts morbidity and mortality in alcohol-associated hepatitis.
Hepatology
September 2024
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) has high mortality rates, with up to 40% of patients dying within 6 months, partly due to increased susceptibility to infections that worsen their condition.
- A study analyzed the immune responses of 36 healthy individuals, 48 patients with alcohol use disorder, and 224 AH patients, finding that abstaining from alcohol boosts antibody responses, while AH patients had reduced antiviral and antibacterial antibodies linked to worse outcomes.
- The research indicates that a lower level of antiviral antibodies in AH patients can predict liver disease complications and mortality, suggesting that serum viral epitope signatures could be valuable for assessing patient prognosis.
Bacteriophages Mediating Effective Elimination of Multidrug-Resistant Avian Pathogenic .
Phage (New Rochelle)
June 2024
Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International [Deemed University], Lavale, India.
Background: Avian pathogenic (APEC) causes colibacillosis and septicemia; in certain cases, mortality leads to economic losses and elicits potential foodborne zoonotic risk. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of APEC pathotypes and serotypes in poultry, followed by characterization for virulence markers and antibiotic sensitivity and analysis of lytic efficacy of bacteriophages in the eradication of APEC.
Methods: We successfully isolated and characterized 34 isolates from poultry farms.
Characterization of high-affinity antibodies against the surface Gc protein of / severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.
Biochem Biophys Rep
September 2024
Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Republic of Korea.
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) or is an emerging pathogen responsible for SFTS. It is considered a novel threat to human health, given the high associated fatality. SFTSV is a segmented negative-strand RNA virus containing three single-stranded RNAs, with the M segment encoding the glycoproteins Gn and Gc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrecision arbovirus serology with a pan-arbovirus peptidome.
Nat Commun
July 2024
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Arthropod-borne viruses represent a crucial public health threat. Current arboviral serology assays are either labor intensive or incapable of distinguishing closely related viruses, and many zoonotic arboviruses that may transition to humans lack any serologic assays. In this study, we present a programmable phage display platform, ArboScan, that evaluates antibody binding to overlapping peptides that represent the proteomes of 691 human and zoonotic arboviruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPan-viral Antibody Repertoire of Aqueous Humor in Cytomegalovirus Uveitis.
Am J Ophthalmol
October 2024
Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore (S.-P.C., J.S.); Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore (S.-P.C., J.S.). Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- This study focused on identifying infectious causes of uveitis by analyzing the antibody composition in aqueous humor (AH) samples using a new multiplex testing method called VirScan.
- Researchers compared AH and plasma samples from 11 patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) uveitis to 34 control patients without uveitis to determine antibody presence.
- Results showed significant enrichment of CMV-specific antibodies in AH from uveitis patients, indicating that this method could be valuable for understanding inflammatory eye diseases in the future.
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