Eight cases of endothoracal carcinoma associated with pulmonary fibrosis or with interstitial pneumonia are reported. The interstitial pneumonia and the fibrosis and carcinoma are confirmed in all cases. Statements on incidence cannot be made: they are more or less random observations in recent years. There are, however, grounds for supposing that this coincidence is by no means rare. Problems arise in differential diagnosis and the decision to operate, for irradiation therapy and for chemotherapy. The question of a possible causal connection, whether in the sense of a paraneoplasia or of cancer development due to previous damage to the lung is left open.
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