Cultures of islet cells of fetal human pancreas were transplanted into the liver of alloxan diabetic rats. This xenotransplantation led to a long-term reduction of glycemia maintained during 8--18 weeks. Histological studies of the liver of recipients revealed the presence of the implanted islet cells.
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Biol Pharm Bull
January 2025
Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
The hypoglycemic effects of nateglinide (NTG) were examined in rats with acute peripheral inflammation (API) induced by carrageenan treatment, and the mechanisms accounting for altered hypoglycemic effects were investigated. NTG was administered through the femoral vein in control and API rats, and its plasma concentration profile was characterized. The time courses of the changes in plasma glucose and insulin levels were also examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterol Clin North Am
March 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address:
This article provides an up-to-date review of the management of chronic pancreatitis, highlighting advancements in medical therapy, nutritional support, endoscopic and surgical approaches, and emerging treatments. Nutritional management accentuates addressing malabsorption and nutrient deficiencies. Advances in endoscopy and parenchyma-sparing surgical techniques have opened new avenues for improved patient outcomes, with total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation offering the only definitive solution for selected patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
January 2025
Division of Regenerative Medicine, Hartman Institute for Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Tissue-specific endothelial cells (ECs) are critical for the homeostasis of pancreatic islets and most other tissues. In vitro recapitulation of islet biology and therapeutic islet transplantation both require adequate vascularization, which remains a challenge. Using human reprogrammed vascular ECs (R-VECs), human islets were functionally vascularized in vitro, demonstrating responsive, dynamic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and Ca influx.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
January 2025
Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Insulin plays a key role in metabolic homeostasis. insulin-producing cells (IPCs) are functional analogues of mammalian pancreatic beta cells and release insulin directly into circulation. To investigate the in vivo dynamics of IPC activity, we quantified the effects of nutritional and internal state changes on IPCs using electrophysiological recordings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetol Int
January 2025
Clinical Research Department, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), 6-3-7 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047 Japan.
The prevalence of diabetes has increased rapidly in recent years, and many types of therapeutic agents have been developed. However, the main purpose of these drugs is to lower blood glucose levels, and they are not fundamental solutions. In contrast, our research has been aimed at stimulating and inducing β-cell proliferation in vivo and replenishing β-cells.
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