Electrodermal activity and heart-rate were recorded in the laboratory from partially remitted schizophrenic patients living in the community, chronic schizophrenic inpatients and normal controls. Althoug all patients had faster heart-rates, no consistent electrodermal differences between patient groups and normals were evident, nor was there a bimodal distribution of responding within the patient group. Laboratory recordings did not reflect differences in community patients tested in their homes and associated with environmental and social factors. This emphasized the limitations of laboratory testing in investigating a disorder such as schizophrenia whose course may be markedly influenced by environmental and social factors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1978.tb06905.x | DOI Listing |
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Background: Self-regulation often is disrupted in depression and is characterized by negative affect and inflexible parasympathetic responses. Yet, our understanding of brain mechanisms of self-regulatory processes largely has been limited to laboratory contexts. Measuring individual differences in self-regulatory processes in everyday life - and their neural correlates - could inform our understanding of depression phenotypes and reveal novel intervention targets that impact everyday functioning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMult Scler
January 2025
Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy.
Background: The effect of cognitive reserve (CR) on cognition in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (pwRRMS) has been partially investigated.
Objectives: We aimed to explore the long-term cognitive trajectories of pwRRMS based on their CR, measured using the Vocabulary Knowledge Test (VOC).
Methods: 78 pwRRMS underwent a neuropsychological evaluation at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 6.
Mult Scler Relat Disord
December 2024
Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Lower Lane, Liverpool L9 7LJ, Merseyside, UK; University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.
Background: Identifying influences on disability accumulation in multiple sclerosis (MS), including modifiable factors other than the core features of disease itself, is vital for clinical care, but has often relied on instruments with acknowledged psychometric shortcomings. We model MS disability using the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0, a validated measure based on the WHO's biopsychosocial model and sensitive to the breadth of disability-related domains important to people, to investigate the factors associated with its trajectory after diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Sci
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
This study examined the mediating role of processing speed between executive functions and social cognition in 67 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. Executive functions were assessed using the Trail Making Test-Part B (TMT-B) and the Stroop Neuropsychological Screening Test (SNST); social cognition with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET); and processing speed with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Mediated effects were explored using a series of regression analyses and were further confirmed through bootstrapping procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Cell Res
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Aim: Pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, is a key mechanism underlying non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have the potential to ameliorate NAFLD, an effect that is enhanced by curcumin preconditioning. We previously reported that diabetic microenvironment preconditioning enhances the secretion capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of MSCs.
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