The renewed interest in the possible use of localized hyperthermia in cancer therapy is prompted by two major realizations. The first is the radiobiological evidence indicating that there may be a significant advantage in the use of heat alone or combined with radiation therapy or chemotherapy to enhance the inactivation of tumor cells The second is that early clinical investigation with refractory malignant tumors at temperatures between 41 degrees C and 45 degrees C have shown tumor regression response rate over 70% without increasing normal tissue complication. A phase I/II study using electromagnetic hyperthermia immediately following administration of ionizing radiation was begun at Duke in the fall of 1976 to evaluate the response of normal tissues, the regression of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors, and the feasibility of such combined modalities in therapeutic radiology. Each hyperthermia session consisted of 45 minutes at 42-43.5 degrees C 2-3 times per week immediately following radiotherapy. The radiation therapy fraction size was usually 2-3 Gy 3-5 times per week with a maximum total of 48 Gy. The 60+ patients treated to date have had squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, malignant melanoma, plasmacytoma, liposarcoma, epithelioid sarcoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma. After more than 600 hyperthermia sessions, we have found: (1) local hyperthermia with microwave alone or in combination with ionizing radiation can be used with excellent normal tissue tolerance provided local tissue temperatures are carefully monitored and controlled; (2) a significantly higher level of preferential heat induction into tumor tissue is possible as compared to surrounding normal tissues; (3) repeated hyperthermia at 42-43.5 degrees C for 45 minutes per session immediately following radiation therapy yields favorable therapeutic results. Tumor regression response rate of over 70% was achieved without concomitant increase of normal tissue complication. Therefore, the potentially significant impact on clinical cancer therapy, whether of curative or palliative intent, by moderate thermotherapy is evident. Technical advances to optimize such treatment methods including R & D for delivering a known localized quantity of heat to tumors in any location in the body are expected to progress rapidly. The methods with most promising potential for inducing local thermotherapy are those involving the use of electromagnetic waves, e.g., radiofrequency energy, microwave energy, and ultrasound energy.
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Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
January 2025
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
Background: Kentucky is within the top five leading states for breast mortality nationwide. This study investigates the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and breast cancer outcomes, including surgical treatment, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and survival, and how associations vary by race and ethnicity in Kentucky.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry (KCR) for breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2017, with follow-up through December 31, 2022.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Importance: Secondary lymphedema is a common, harmful side effect of breast cancer treatment. Robust risk models that are externally validated are needed to facilitate clinical translation. A published risk model used 5 accessible clinical factors to predict the development of breast cancer-related lymphedema; this model included a patient's mammographic breast density as a novel predictive factor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Oncol Rep
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Purpose: To review recent advances with radiation therapy (RT) for soft tissue sarcomas (STS).
Recent Findings: Newer data showcases hypofractionated preoperative RT for soft tissue sarcomas treated with surgery to be safe and effective, however, long-term follow up data is pending. Hypofractionated and dose-escalated RT in patients with unresectable STS is also being studied, for which we remain optimistic given advances in RT planning approaches.
Neurosurg Rev
January 2025
Department of neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Epilepsy is a common neurological disease that is treated with medications; however, patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, commonly intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, tend to have better control with surgical treatment. While the mainstay of surgical treatment is anterior temporal lobectomy, it carries risk of potential adverse effects hence minimally invasive techniques are now being used as an alternative to open surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis compare the efficacy and safety of three of the most used techniques: laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Surg Oncol
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Background: Colon and rectum cancer (CRC) is a major health burden in China, with notable gender disparities. This study was designed to analyze trends in CRC incidence, prevalence, and mortality from 1990 to 2021 and to project future trends.
Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, we examined CRC burden in China, including incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs).
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