A study of mixed apatites of the type Ca10 (PO4)6-X( VO4 )X(OH)2 has been undertaken in order to obtain an insight into the structural consequences of the incorporation of vanadium in the inorganic phase of bone. The crystallographic analysis as well as the vibrational spectra of these "models," show that low or moderate VO43 - concentration does not produce any lattice distortion and has little effect on the strength of the P-O and O-H bonds. This study has also shown that the incorporation of VO43 - ions in the Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2 matrix at low temperatures is only possible if the hydroxyapatite is in the amorphous state.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-0134(84)85025-4 | DOI Listing |
Respir Res
January 2025
School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Introduction And Objectives: High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is an increasingly popular mode of non-invasive respiratory support for the treatment of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). Previous experimental studies in healthy subjects have established that HFNC generates flow-dependent positive airway pressures, but no data is available on the levels of mean airway pressure (mP) or positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) generated by HFNC therapy in AHRF patients. We aimed to estimate the airway pressures generated by HFNC at different flow rates in patients with AHRF, whose functional lung volume may be significantly reduced compared to healthy subjects due to alveolar consolidation and/or collapse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Geriatr
January 2025
Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: The Getting Older Adults Outdoors (GO-OUT) randomized controlled trial showed that a workshop and 10-week park-based outdoor walk group (OWG) was superior to the workshop and 10 weekly reminders (WR) with increasing walking capacity, but not outdoor walking activity, health-promoting behavior, or successful aging, among older adults with difficulty walking outdoors. The objective of this planned process evaluation was to explore participants' perceptions of mechanisms of impact of and contextual factors influencing experiences with the interventions to help explain the observed intervention effects on study outcomes.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive study involving semi-structured interviews conducted at 6-months post-baseline was conducted.
Nat Rev Neurosci
January 2025
Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Transient changes in the firing of midbrain dopamine neurons have been closely tied to the unidimensional value-based prediction error contained in temporal difference reinforcement learning models. However, whereas an abundance of work has now shown how well dopamine responses conform to the predictions of this hypothesis, far fewer studies have challenged its implicit assumption that dopamine is not involved in learning value-neutral features of reward. Here, we review studies in rats and humans that put this assumption to the test, and which suggest that dopamine transients provide a much richer signal that incorporates information that goes beyond integrated value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Med
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.
The delivery of accurate diagnoses is crucial in healthcare and represents the gateway to appropriate and timely treatment. Although recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in few-shot or zero-shot learning, their effectiveness in clinical diagnosis remains unproven. Here we present MedFound, a generalist medical language model with 176 billion parameters, pre-trained on a large-scale corpus derived from diverse medical text and real-world clinical records.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeredity (Edinb)
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Maternal effects have been shown to play influential roles in many evolutionary and ecological processes. However, understanding how environmental stimuli induce within-generation responses that transverse across generations remains elusive, particularly when attempting to segregate confounding effects from offspring genotypes. This review synthesizes literature regarding resource- and predation-driven maternal effects in the model system Daphnia, detailing how the maternal generation responds to the environmental stimuli and the maternal effects seen in the offspring generation(s).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!