The authors have generalized data on 22 primary tumors of the diaphragm published in our national literature for the period up to 1983. A detailed analysis of a case observed by the authors is given. Benign fibroma of the left-side cupola of the diaphragm weighed 1100,0. Multiple metastases were revealed 1,5 year later first into the postoperative cicatrix, then into the lungs and body. The histological examination has established the diagnosis of fibrosarcoma. The patient survived for 3 years after the first operation. The authors recommend a thorough roentgenological examination to be made for a correct diagnosis of the diaphragm tumor. In all the cases the benign tumor should be dissected with the portion of the diaphragm within the necessary limits.
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