This study attempted to clarify the role of the cerebral cortex in neonatal behavior by administering the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale-Kansas revision to a hydranencephalic infant; particularly of interest were behaviors that are implicated in infant social responsiveness. The examination revealed extremely deviant responses on portions of the exam, including items that measure response decrement and orientation. However, this infant was observed to approximate normal neonatal responding on items relating to motor maturity and reactivity. Other findings included that some response decrement occurred in response to auditory and visual, but not tactile, stimulation. The discussion focuses on similarities and differences between this study and early research on both normal infants and infants with imperfectly formed nervous systems. Particular emphasis is placed on the response decrement results, as well as the utility of the NBAS-K in measuring infant behaviors in atypical infant samples.
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