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Prevalence of the major thyroid cancer-associated syndromes in the United States.
medRxiv
December 2024
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Importance: A subset of thyroid cancers develops in a setting of a known hereditary cancer-associated syndrome. Understanding the population prevalence of thyroid cancer-associated syndromes is important to guide germline genetic testing and clinical management.
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of the major thyroid cancer-associated syndromes in the United States using the All of Us Research Program (AoU) data.
Imaging Findings and Management Strategies for Liver Masses in Children with Predisposition Disorders: A Review by the Pediatric LI-RADS Group.
Radiographics
January 2025
From the Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Ave SE, Rochester, MN 55905 (A.B.K.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (M.R.A.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga (G.K., A.A.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (C.E.M., A.J.T.); Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (H.N.N.); Department of Radiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (M.A.R.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (E.R.); Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (G.R.S.); Department of Radiology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (J.H.S.); Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (A.B.S.); and Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo (E.R.T.).
Liver masses in children with underlying systemic disease or a predisposing syndrome can be benign or malignant, ranging from focal fat to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Knowledge of the underlying condition, the pathophysiologic effect on the liver, and the development of liver disease and specific liver lesions allows radiologists to guide imaging with regard to modality and frequency and give recommendations for biopsy when appropriate. In some predisposition disorders, such as Beckwith Wiedemann spectrum, familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis complex, established guidelines for imaging screening exist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-tumor Effects of Idarubicin Hydrochloride in Desmoid Tumors.
Anticancer Res
December 2024
Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, Republic of Korea;
Background/aim: Desmoid tumors (DTs), also referred to as aggressive fibromatosis, originate from connective tissues and typically manifest with a propensity for local invasion. Despite extensive research efforts aimed at exploring novel anti-tumor agents for DTs, the development of effective clinical management strategies remains an ongoing challenge due to the limited success of current treatments, which frequently lead to inconsistent outcomes and a high recurrence rate of DTs. To overcome these limitations, we focused our research aim on a drug repositioning approach to identify existing medications that could be effective against DTs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAberrant promoter methylation, expression and function of RASSF1A gene in a series of Italian parathyroid tumors.
Endocrine
November 2024
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Aberrant epigenetic changes, specifically in DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs, play a significant role in the development of parathyroid tumors, particularly concerning the genes RASSF1A and APC, which are often downregulated in cancers.
- In a study of parathyroid adenomas and carcinomas, RASSF1A promoter methylation was found in approximately 90% of adenomas and was inversely related to tumor size; however, APC methylation appeared less frequently.
- The research concluded that the methylation of RASSF1A and APC is a common feature in parathyroid tumors, with the activity of DNA methyltransferases affecting
Dye-based chromoendoscopy detects more neoplasia than white light endoscopy in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and IBD.
Endosc Int Open
November 2024
Translational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Experimental Medicine Division, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Article Synopsis
- Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a significant risk of developing colorectal cancer, and there's no consensus on the best surveillance methods.
- A study analyzed 91 patients with PSC and IBD over ten years to evaluate how effective chromoendoscopy and high-definition endoscopy were in detecting neoplastic lesions during regular check-ups.
- Results showed that chromoendoscopy greatly increased the detection rate of neoplasia (by 5.58 times), while high-definition endoscopy also improved detection, but its significance diminished when factoring in chromoendoscopy.
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