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High intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important risk factor for glaucoma, which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. However, the etiology of high IOP remains uncertain. Metabolites are compounds involved in metabolism which provide a link between the internal (genetic) and external environments.

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Endophytic actinomycetes are potential sources of novel pharmaceutically active metabolites, significantly advancing natural product research. In the present investigation, secondary metabolites from two endophytic actinomycetes, Streptomyces parvulus GloL3, and Streptomyces lienomycini SK5, isolated from medicinal plant taxa, Globba marantina, and Selaginella kraussiana, exhibited broad-spectrum bioactivity. Ethyl Acetate (EA) extract of SK5 showed antimicrobial activity against nine human pathogens, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Candida tropicalis, and C.

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a harmful environmental contaminant known to disrupt gut microbiota and cause health problems. In recent years, the role of vitamin B6 (VB6) in maintaining intestinal and reproductive health has attracted much attention. AFB1 has been found to damage the intestinal barrier and cause inflammation by disrupting the intestinal microbiota, particularly by increasing the abundance of .

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Roughly 90% of the Polish population experiences vitamin D deficiency. The 3-epi-25(OH)D2 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 are stereoisomers of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3, and they can inadvertently be included in measurements of 25(OH)D levels, potentially leading to its overestimating. We aimed to measure 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3, their epimers 3-epi-25(OH)D2 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3, and biologically active 1,25(OH)2D3 in patients with cardiovascular disease and healthy volunteers.

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Bacteria encounter chemically similar nutrients in their environment, which impact their growth in distinct ways. Among such nutrients are cobamides, the structurally diverse family of cofactors related to vitamin B (cobalamin), which function as cofactors for diverse metabolic processes. Given that different environments contain varying abundances of different cobamides, bacteria are likely to encounter cobamides that enable them to grow robustly and also those that do not function efficiently for their metabolism.

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