Owing to the biophysical properties involved, the Nd:YAG laser is most suited for coagulation of even inhomogeneous tissue. We determined the optimal laser parameters for therapy of urinary bladder tumors. Deep homogeneous necroses can be obtained without perforation risk of the bladder wall, and the procedure does not cause dangerous damage to the intestinal loops. We have studied animal experiments by close examination and systematic inquiry, and thus we were able to determine sufficient laser parameters in dependence on tissue thickness. Clinical studies verified these results for living human tissue. After some years of clinical use of the Nd:YAG laser we can make the first statistical statements.
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