Theoretical conformational analysis of bi- and three-antennary carbohydrate chains of H-specific group substances has been carried out. It has been shown that O-glycosylating oligosaccharides can form compact Y-shaped structures with effective non-bonded interactions between the antennae residues.
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BMC Med Genomics
January 2025
Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, No.1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, China.
Background: Gallstones, a common surgical condition globally, affect around 20% of patients. The development of gallstones is linked to abnormal cholesterol and bilirubin metabolism, reduced gallbladder function, insulin resistance, biliary infections, and genetic factors. In addition to these factors, research has shown that mucins play a role in gallstone formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Food Chem
January 2025
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
4-α-Glucanotransferase (4-α-GTase, EC 2.4.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Rev
January 2025
Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Zhou shan hui shui Community,199 Hailing South Road, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, 225300, China.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)-associated neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity can induce gastrointestinal dysfunction through the brain-gut axis. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) was demonstrated to exert beneficial health effects by altering gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. Our study aimed to explore the effects of PHGG on gastrointestinal dysfunction in TBI mouse models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiome
January 2025
Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: Maintaining gut health is a persistent and unresolved challenge in the poultry industry. Given the critical role of gut health in chicken performance and welfare, there is a pressing need to identify effective gut health intervention (GHI) strategies to ensure optimal outcomes in poultry farming. In this study, across three broiler production cycles, we compared the metagenomes and performance of broilers provided with ionophores (as the control group) against birds subjected to five different GHI combinations involving vaccination, probiotics, prebiotics, essential oils, and reduction of ionophore use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Commensal bacteria affect host health by producing various metabolites from dietary carbohydrates via bacterial glycometabolism; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we identified Streptococcus salivarius as a unique anti-obesity commensal bacterium. We found that S.
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