The finding of more luteinized unruptured follicles in women who are under investigation for unexplained infertility compared with fertile women suggests that the syndrome does exist and probably plays a causative role in the infertility of these patients. The levels of oestradiol 17-beta and progesterone found in the peritoneum in the early luteal phase showed a much higher figure when there has been rupture of the follicle with a haemorrhagic corpus luteum and a stigma as compared with luteinized unruptured follicles. It does seem to us worth while to obtain some of the peritoneal fluid in order to estimate the levels of hormones and to diagnose more often the unruptured follicle syndrome whenever laparoscopy in undertaken in the early luteal phase.
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