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Background: Microglial activation is an early phenomenon in Alzheimer's disease (AD) that may occur prior to and independently of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation. Compelling experimental evidence suggests that the apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOEε4) allele may be a culprit of early microglial activation in AD. However, it is unclear whether the APOEε4 genotype is associated with microglial reactivity in the living human brain.
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
Background: Evidence supporting cardiovascular diseases could increase the risk of dementia remains fragmented. A comprehensive study to illuminate the distinctive associations across different dementia types is still lacking. This study is sought to: 1) determine the clinical validity of Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Score (FGCRS) for dementia assessment; 2) examine the associations between cardiovascular diseases and the risk of dementia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical Colledge of Nanjing Medicial University, Nanjing 210008, china, Nanjing, China.
Background: It remains unclear to what extent APOEε4 relates to amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau deposition, functional connectivity and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease spectrum.
Method: In 345 participants including subjective cognitive impairment and mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease, We investigate the association of APOEε 4 with Aβ and Tau, functional connectivity and neurodegeneration (cortical thickness and gray matter volume). Using mediation analyses, we tested the indirect effects of APOEε4 on neurodegeneration via Tau deposition (F-AV451 positron emission tomography) and interregional functional connectivity (functional MRI) in Braak I-II and Braak III-VI.
Background: Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for >90% of AD cases, of which 70% are thought to be due to a combination of several risk genes. Of these, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is the most studied gene. Given that the APOE ɛ4 risk variant is found in ∼14% of the general population and ∼37% of the AD population, APOE ɛ4 is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause AD on its own.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Persistent neurological symptoms including cognitive impairment can follow SARS-CoV-2 infection, a condition termed neurological post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (Neuro-PASC). Structural brain differences have been observed in individuals with Neuro-PASC, raising concern that COVID-19 may promote age-related neurodegeneration. However, the mechanisms by which COVID-19 impairs cognition and its impact on brain aging, remain poorly characterized.
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