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[Alfred Kirstein-A pioneer of direct laryngoscopy].
Anaesthesiologie
January 2025
, Feldhoopstücken 36-40, 22529, Hamburg, Deutschland.
On 23 April 1895, the Berlin ENT medical specialist Alfred Kirstein performed the first direct examination of the larynx using a Casper esophagoscope equipped with electric lighting, which he called an "autoscope". The examination of the larynx, which had previously only been possible indirectly using mirror systems, was named by him "autoscopy". The development of the device enabled a more precise observation than before and laryngeal or tracheal foreign bodies could be removed better and more easily.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present a versatile extended depth-of-field (EDOF) wide-field fluorescence microscopy using a new, to the best of our knowledge, active device, micro-mirror array lens system (MALS) for calibration-free and orientation-insensitive EDOF imaging. The MALS changed the focal plane during image acquisition, and the system could be operated in any orientation. Two EDOF imaging modes of high-speed accumulation and low-speed surface sectioning were implemented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSerendipity in oto-rhino-laryngology.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
July 2024
Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Introduction: Serendipitous findings are findings that were initially unsought but nevertheless contribute to the development of the discipline. This article reviews eight serendipitous findings in oto-rhino-laryngology important to its advancement.
Method: The following serendipitous findings are discussed: the accidental discovery of the laryngeal mirror and indirect laryngoscopy by Garcia (1854), the invention of direct oesophagoscopy by Kußmaul (circa 1868), Czermák's (1863) development of diaphanoscopy, the unintentional emergence of bronchography from a clinical error made by Weingartner (1914), adenotomy by Meyer (1869), the discovery of the causes of unbalance related to the vestibular nerve by Flourens (1830), Bárány's (1914) finding that the semi-circular canal reflex is involved in equilibrium, and the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux and middle-ear infections by Poelmans and Feenstra (2002).
Effects of squamous cell carcinoma and smoking status on oropharyngeal and laryngeal microbial communities.
Head Neck
January 2024
Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
Background: Still, little is known about microbial dysbiosis in oropharyngeal and laryngeal tissue as risk factor for development of local squamous cell carcinoma. The site-specific microbiota at these regions in healthy and cancer tissue and their modulation by environmental factors need to be defined.
Methods: The local microbiota of cancer tissue and healthy controls was profiled by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and statistical analysis using 111 oropharyngeal and 72 laryngeal intraoperative swabs.
Tumoral P2Y receptor modulates tumor growth and host anti-tumor immune responses in a syngeneic murine model of oral cancer.
Purinergic Signal
August 2024
Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are a heterogenous group of tumors and among the top 10 most common cancers and they arise from the epithelial tissues of the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx. Aberrant purinergic signaling has been associated with various cancer types. Here, we studied the role of the P2Y purinergic receptor (P2YR) in the context of oral cancer.
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