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Antithrombin III deficiency and idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a case report.

J Med Case Rep

January 2025

Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition where the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain increases without a known cause. It typically affects adults but can also occur in adolescents and children, although it is less common. Numerous elements, including coagulopathy, have been documented in previous cases as potential etiological factors of IIH.

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Introduction: Empty sella is characterized by a flattened profile of the pituitary gland that represents in most cases only a radiological incidental finding. When endocrine, ophthalmic, and neurological symptoms occur, this condition is described as empty sella syndrome.

Materials And Methods: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed database) with the data filter 2024-2009 using the keywords listed above.

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Sarcoidosis is an immune-mediated multisystem condition of unknown etiology, characterized by non-caseating granulomatous inflammation. While it commonly affects the lungs and the reticuloendothelial system, it can affect any organ. Most of such cases involve the central nervous system, but the condition rarely presents with symptoms related to hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction.

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Children with MOG-IgG positive bilateral optic neuritis misdiagnosed as fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Mult Scler Relat Disord

December 2024

Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children´s Hospital Datteln, University Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by headache, rapid decrease of vision and elevated CSF-opening pressure.

Objective: To delineate a subgroup of MOGAD mimicking fulminant IIH.

Methods: In this case series children with MOGAD with vision loss, optic disc swelling and elevated CSF opening pressure, initially diagnosed with fulminant IIH, were included.

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Prognosticators of Optic Nerve Imaging in Malignant Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome.

J Neuroophthalmol

November 2024

Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science (ALC, AZC, O-oA), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, Houston, Texas; Robert Cizik Eye Clinic (ALC, AZC, O-oA), Houston, Texas; and Texas Children's Hospital (JLM, RPP), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

Background: Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) syndrome is a disorder of increased intracranial pressure, most commonly affecting overweight women of childbearing age. Malignant PTC (MPTC) is a rare presentation that involves rapidly worsening vision, often necessitating surgical intervention to prevent permanent vision loss. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiographic findings of PTC are predictive of MPTC and the final visual outcome.

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