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Mechanisms Responsible for Genetic Hypertension in Schlager BPH/2 Mice.
Front Physiol
October 2019
Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
It has been 45 years since Gunther Schlager used a cross breeding program in mice to develop inbred strains with high, normal, and low blood pressure (BPH/2, BPN/3, and BPL/1 respectively). Thus, it is timely to gather together the studies that have characterized and explored the mechanisms associated with the hypertension to take stock of exactly what is known and what remains to be determined. Growing evidence supports the notion that the mechanism of hypertension in BPH/2 mice is predominantly neurogenic with some of the early studies showing aberrant brain noradrenaline levels in BPH/2 compared with BPN/3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPositive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors attenuates high blood pressure in Schlager hypertensive mice.
J Hypertens
March 2017
aNeuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne bDepartment of Pharmacology cDepartment of Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biosciences Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Objective: Blood pressure high Schlager (BPH/2J) mice have neurogenic hypertension associated with differences in hypothalamic GABAA receptors compared with their normotensive counterparts (BPN/3J). Allopregnanolone is an endogenous neurosteroid reduced in chronic stress, and when administered, decreases anxiety by positive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors.
Methods: To determine if allopregnanolone could be a viable therapeutic for neurogenic hypertension, male BPH/2J (n = 6-7) and BPN/3J (n = 8-9) mice were equipped with radiotelemetry probes to compare cardiovascular variables before and after implantation of subcutaneous minipumps delivering allopregnanolone (5 mg/kg per day), or its vehicle, for a period of 2 weeks.
Amygdalo-hypothalamic circuit allows learned cues to override satiety and promote eating.
J Neurosci
October 2002
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
Organisms eat not only in a response to signals related to energy balance. Eating also occurs in response to "extrinsic," or environmental, signals, including learned cues. Such cues can modify feeding based on motivational value acquired through association with either rewarding or aversive events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the present study on nine cats, repeated tests were made of the effects of superfusion of the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata with acid or alkaline CSF. Only two animals showed slight hyperventilation, tachycardia, mesenteric vasoconstriction and variable changes in hindlimb vascular conductance when the ventral surface was superfused with acid CSF; alkaline CSF produced opposite effects. These changes are qualitatively similar to, but much smaller than, published results which support the idea that the central chemoreceptor areas for CO2 are near the surface of the ventral medulla.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in socio-emotional behavior under imipramine treatment in normal and amygdalo-hypothalamic dogs.
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)
January 1987
The effects of imipramine on learned social responses were examined in ten dogs with dorsomedial amygdalar lesions and/or lateral hypothalamic lesions. Six of the ten dogs were also tested preoperatively. The social responses were instrumentally conditioned using social interaction with the experimenter as reinforcement (petting and verbal reassurance).
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