The production of estradiol antibodies by two immunization procedures was monitored by means of an enzyme-immunoassay. Procedure A consisted of three intramuscular injections given at two-week intervals, followed by five intravenous booster injections and procedure B consisted of multiple intradermal injections given once. Procedure A gave much higher antibody titer. In both procedures the sensitivities of assays using the antisera increased initially and reached a plateau after three to four months of immunization. Consistent changes in specificities were observed. A shortened procedure A is proposed as a simple and efficient procedure for raising steroid antibodies in rabbits.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-128x(78)90049-1 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
January 2025
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Pathogenic intracellular bacteria pose a significant threat to global public health due to the barriers presented by host cells hindering the timely detection of hidden bacteria and the effective delivery of therapeutic agents. To address these challenges, we propose a tandem diagnosis-guided treatment paradigm. A supramolecular sensor array is developed for simple, rapid, accurate, and high-throughput identification of intracellular bacteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
January 2025
Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe and High Value Utilization Technology, Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, No.21 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou, 213164, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, No.21 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou, 213164, China. Electronic address:
Erythromycin is becoming one of the most common contaminants detected in surface water and wastewater, which poses a potential risk to ecological systems and human health. Until now, there is still no effective way to eliminate it. Herein, a novel and efficient erythromycin-degrading fungus Peniophora incarnata F1, capable of utilizing erythromycin as its sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from contaminated sludge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China; Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China. Electronic address:
Infectious microbes can spread rapidly from fomites (contaminated surfaces) via hand touch, with prolonged residence time on surfaces increasing transmission risk by extending exposure periods and/or involving more susceptible individuals. Existing studies have focused on decreasing microbial contamination, but not on the need for rapid removal from surface systems. This study introduces residence time as the time that a microbe spends within the surface system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr A
January 2025
Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; Medical College, Tibet University, Lhasa 850002, China. Electronic address:
Identification of constitutive herbs in an herbal product is critical for ensuring its quality and efficacy. However, current identification methods often lack universality, entail long durations, and involve complex procedures. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop innovative methods for identifying constitutive herbs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLight Sci Appl
January 2025
National Research Center for High-Efficiency Grinding, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China.
Accurately and swiftly characterizing the state of polarization (SoP) of complex structured light is crucial in the realms of classical and quantum optics. Conventional strategies for detecting SoP, which typically involves a sequence of cascaded optical elements, are bulky, complex, and run counter to miniaturization and integration. While metasurface-enabled polarimetry has emerged to overcome these limitations, its functionality predominantly remains confined to identifying SoP within the standard Poincaré sphere framework.
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