Different oligomeric forms of PSTV are detected in nuclei isolated from PSTV-infected potato cells by means of molecular hybridization, using as probes synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides with sequence specificity for (+)PSTV and for (-)PSTV. In addition to several species of longer-than-unit-length (-)PSTV molecules, two oligomeric forms of (+)PSTV are detected, which correspond in size to RNA strands of approximately two and three times viroid unit-length. They must be considered as the precursors of the circular and linear (+)PSTV monomers accumulating in the cell nucleus.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01120988 | DOI Listing |
FEBS J
January 2025
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Mucus in the colon is crucial for intestinal homeostasis by forming a barrier that separates microbes from the epithelium. This is achieved by the structural arrangement of the major mucus proteins, such as MUC2 and FCGBP, both of which are comprised of several von Willebrand D domains (vWD) and assemblies. Numerous disulfide bonds stabilise these domains, and intermolecular bonds generate multimers of MUC2.
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December 2024
University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Background: Reversible post-translational modifications, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, on tau protein play a critical role in the microtubule (MT) modulation. However, abnormal tau phosphorylation, which occurs in tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), causes the dissociation of tau from MTs. The dissociated tau then aggregates into sequent forms from soluble oligomers to paired helical filaments (PHF), and insoluble neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), a hallmark of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
TauC3 Biologics Limited, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Tau abnormalities are a central feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the defining feature of non-AD tauopathies, which include frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) due to Pick's disease (PiD) or Mapt mutations (FTLD-tau), as well as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and others. Mapt transcripts undergo alternative splicing to produce 6 distinct isoforms. Exon 2 splicing produces 0, 1 or 2 inserts; exclusion or inclusion of exon 10 results in 3-repeat (3R) or 4-repeat (4R) forms, respectively.
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December 2024
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
Background: The role of oligomeric forms of various proteins as direct responsible of neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders has been supported by numerous findings at experimental level and, more recently, by histological examinations in human material. The cellular prion protein (PrP) has been proposed to mediate the neurotoxicity of β-amyloid, α-synuclein and tau oligomers. We demonstrated that although amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) bind with high affinity to PrP, the memory deficit induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of AβOs in mice was not mediated by PrP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Background: Antibodies targeting amyloid beta (Aß) have recently been developed as promising treatments for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Aducanumab was the first to receive limited FDA approval in 2021 offering much needed new treatment options for AD patients. Aducanumab clears aggregated Aß in the brain, presumably through microglial phagocytosis, although the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms of its effect remain incompletely understood.
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