[The role of biopsy of the human myocardium in cardiological and cardiosurgical centers].

Endomyocardial puncture biopsy is practicable for elucidating etiology (nosology), differential diagnosis, the determination of activity of rheumatism or nonspecific myocarditis, the assessment of treatment efficiency and prognosis of outcome. Incision intraoperative biopsy should be used to evaluate the efficiency of myocardial protection and the specifics of metabolism and function of the myocardial cell. Open incision intraoperative myocardial biopsy is more informative than the endomyocardial puncture biopsy as it provides a heart specimen where all layers are represented, so that the number of negative results attributable to the mosaic pattern of myocardial abnormality is reduced.