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Understanding Health-Related Discussions on Reddit: Development of a Topic Assignment Method and Exploratory Analysis.
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
Background: Social media has become a widely used way for people to share opinions about health care and medical topics. Social media data can be leveraged to understand patient concerns and provide insight into why patients may turn to the internet instead of the health care system for health advice.
Objective: This study aimed to develop a method to investigate Reddit posts discussing health-related conditions.
Urgency Prediction for Medical Laboratory Tests Through Optimal Sparse Decision Tree: Case Study With Echocardiograms.
JMIR AI
January 2025
Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Background: In the contemporary realm of health care, laboratory tests stand as cornerstone components, driving the advancement of precision medicine. These tests offer intricate insights into a variety of medical conditions, thereby facilitating diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments. However, the accessibility of certain tests is hindered by factors such as high costs, a shortage of specialized personnel, or geographic disparities, posing obstacles to achieving equitable health care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic Decision-Making Variability Between Novice and Expert Optometrists for Glaucoma: Comparative Analysis to Inform AI System Design.
JMIR Med Inform
January 2025
Department of Systems Design Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Background: While expert optometrists tend to rely on a deep understanding of the disease and intuitive pattern recognition, those with less experience may depend more on extensive data, comparisons, and external guidance. Understanding these variations is important for developing artificial intelligence (AI) systems that can effectively support optometrists with varying degrees of experience and minimize decision inconsistencies.
Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze the variations in diagnostic decision-making approaches between novice and expert optometrists.
The Promotion of Oral Nicotine Pouches for Non-Smoking Cessation Purposes on TikTok.
Nicotine Tob Res
January 2025
Faculty of Public Health & Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) are increasingly prevalent among young people and feature widely within social media content. This study systematically analyzes the most viewed videos on TikTok relating to ZYN (the most popular ONP, manufactured by a subsidiary of Philip Morris International) to understand their content sentiment and patterns, as well as the demographics and potential commercial biases of their creators.
Methods: We used an Apify scraper in July 2024 to collect URLs and metadata for the top 100 most viewed videos on TikTok under the #ZYN hashtag.
Defect Conformal Field Theory from Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev Interactions.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Tulane University, Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA.
The coupling between defects and extended critical degrees of freedom gives rise to the intriguing theory known as defect conformal field theory (CFT). In this work, we introduce a novel family of boundary and interface CFTs by coupling N Majorana chains with SYK_{q} interactions at the defect. Our analysis reveals that the interaction with q=2 constitutes a new marginal defect.
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