Female NMRI-mice were injected intraperitoneally and subcutaneously with zinc chloride and lead chloride as well as with a mixture of both. The mice were also immunized with foreign-proteins. To demonstrate the interconections, the heavy metals and the proteins were injected separately, as was the heavy-metal-protein-suspension. The results of the studies are as follows: 1. Intraperitoneal application of lead leads to a significant elevation of the antibody titer, using bovine immunglobuline while zinc applications showed no rise or slightly raised antibody formation. 2. It could be demonstrated that the admixtion of zinc chloride depresses the stimulatory effect of lead chloride on the immunization. 3. With the heavy metal-protein-mixture is proved that lead chloride stimulates the antibody production more than zinc chloride. To explain these results, it is discussed whether the adjuvant effect of lead is inhibited by zinc whereas zinc itself stimulates the immunsystem through another working mechanism.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1414614411, Iran. Electronic address:
Wound infection can prolong the healing process, leading to various complications. Although the use of antibiotics is common, it presents challenges such as poor pharmacokinetics. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance has further complicated wound management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
January 2025
Department of Environment Sciences and Engineering, The Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 166 Rosenau, Campus Box # 7431, NC 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Construction Economics and Management, School of Built Environment, Makerere University, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda. Electronic address:
Greywater, originating from kitchen sinks and toilets, constitutes 75-80 % of the domestic wastewater produced in homes and can be reclaimed for non-potable uses. This study synthesized novel sludge-derived aluminosilicates and alginate-polyethyleneimine (PEI) biochar composites. The aluminosilicates offer a sustainable approach to sludge management, while alginate-polyethyleneimine presents a green biochar modification approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Photochem Photobiol B
February 2025
Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia - UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 62, Canela, Salvador, BA CEP: 40110-150, Brazil. Electronic address:
Annually, the oil and gas industry faces equipment losses and product quality degradation due to the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Given the negative impact of SRB, this study evaluates the use of photoinactivation (PI) with zinc chloride double salt of 1,9-Dimethyl-Methylene Blue (DMMB) as a photosensitizer (PS) in varying concentrations and combined with Laser light at different exposures in an SRB consortium. For culture growth, a modified Postgate C medium (without ferrous sulfate) was used, and cell quantification was performed on 100 μL aliquots of the consortium, read on a spectrophotometer (λ600 nm) in an oxygen- and light-free environment at room temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
January 2025
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China.
Morphology regulation and element doping are effective means to improving the photocatalytic performance of graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-CN). In this article, using melamine and zinc chloride as raw materials, a novel kind of Zn/Cl-doped hollow microtubular g-CN (Zn-HT-CN) by a hydrothermal method was developed. The structure and morphology of Zn-HT-CN and reference samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Parasitol Parasites Wildl
April 2025
Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
Eurasian wolves () and domestic dogs () are definitive hosts of numerous cestode species. While infections with adult stages in canids are usually subclinical, some species pose a zoonotic risk or cause infections in wildlife and livestock, resulting in disease and/or economic losses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, species composition, and geographical distribution of cestode infections in dogs and free-ranging wolves in Switzerland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!