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A new computational framework for simulating airway resistance, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, and diffusing capacity for nitric oxide.
PLoS One
January 2025
Transfers, Interfaces and Processes, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
In this paper, we present a new computational framework for the simulation of airway resistance, the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, and the diffusion capacity for nitric oxide in healthy and unhealthy lungs. Our approach is firstly based on a realistic representation of the geometry of healthy lungs as a function of body mass, which compares well with data from the literature, particularly in terms of lung volume and alveolar surface area. The original way in which this geometry is created, including an individual definition of the airways in the first seven generations of the lungs, makes it possible to consider the heterogeneous nature of the lungs in terms of perfusion and ventilation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiological effects of nasal high flow therapy during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A crossover randomised controlled trial.
Pulmonology
December 2025
Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Paris, France.
Background: Nasal high flow (NHF) has been proposed to sustain high intensity exercise in people with COPD, but we have a poor understanding of its physiological effects in this clinical setting.
Research Question: What is the effect of NHF during exercise on dynamic respiratory muscle function and activation, cardiorespiratory parameters, endurance capacity, dyspnoea and leg fatigue as compared to control intervention.
Study Design And Methods: Randomized single-blind crossover trial including COPD patients.
Histopathology of the small airways: Similarities and differences between ageing and COPD.
Pulmonology
December 2025
Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
Age-related lung function decline is associated with small airway closure and gas trapping. The mechanisms which cause these changes are not fully understood. It has been suggested that COPD is caused by accelerated ageing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreased plasma interleukin-1β is associated with accelerated lung function decline in non-smokers.
Pulmonology
December 2025
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease & National Center for Respiratory Medicine & Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Interleukin-1β is one of the major cytokines involved in the initiation and persistence of airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the association between plasma interleukin-1β and lung function decline remains unclear. We aimed to explore the association between plasma interleukin-1β and lung function decline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of asymmetric nasal high-flow cannula on carbon dioxide in hypercapnic patients: A randomised crossover physiological pilot study.
Pulmonology
December 2025
Alma Mater Studiorum, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Nasal high flow (NHF) therapy is an established form of non invasive respiratory support used in acute and chronic care. Recently, a new high flow nasal cannula with asymmetric prongs was approved for clinical use. The clinical benefits of the new cannula have not yet been defined and no evidence are available on the use of asymmetric NHF support in patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
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