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Small Airway Dysfunction and Abnormal Exercise Responses. A Study in Coal Miners.
Ann Am Thorac Soc
July 2016
2 Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia.
Rationale: Coal mine dust exposure can cause symptoms and loss of lung function from multiple mechanisms, but the roles of each disease process are not fully understood.
Objectives: We investigated the implications of small airway dysfunction for exercise physiology among a group of workers exposed to coal mine dust.
Methods: Twenty coal miners performed spirometry, first breathing air and then helium-oxygen, single-breath diffusing capacity, and computerized chest tomography, and then completed cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
Effects of a helium/oxygen mixture on individuals' lung function and metabolic cost during submaximal exercise for participants with obstructive lung diseases.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
June 2016
Medical R&D, Air Liquide Santé International, Centre de Recherche Paris-Saclay, Les Loges-en-Josas, France.
Background: Helium/oxygen therapies have been studied as a means to reduce the symptoms of obstructive lung diseases with inconclusive results in clinical trials. To better understand this variability in results, an exploratory physiological study was performed comparing the effects of helium/oxygen mixture (78%/22%) to that of medical air.
Methods: The gas mixtures were administered to healthy, asthmatic, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) participants, both moderate and severe (6 participants in each disease group, a total of 30); at rest and during submaximal cycling exercise with equivalent work rates.
Techniques for assessing small airways function: Possible applications in asthma and COPD.
Respir Med
October 2016
Pulmonary Department, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address:
In recent years special interest has been expressed for the contribution of small airways in the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and treatment of asthma and COPD. Small airways contribute little to the total respiratory resistance so that extensive damage of small airways may occur before the appearance of any symptoms, and this is the reason why they are characterized as the "silent zone" of airways. Furthermore, the peripheral localization of the small airways and their small diameter constitutes difficult their direct assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of heliox breathing on dynamic hyperinflation in COPD patients.
Chest
June 2004
Istituto di Fisiologia Umana I, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Background: and objective: Patients with COPD exhibit increased inspiratory work and dyspnea due to dynamic hyperinflation caused by expiratory flow limitation. Helium-oxygen mixtures (ie, heliox) have been used in treating these patients on the assumption that, by lowering airway resistance, they might be beneficial.
Methods: In 22 patients with COPD, the presence of expiratory flow limitation was assessed with patients in the sitting and supine positions using the negative expiratory pressure technique, and the effects of heliox (80% He, 20% O2) on breathing pattern, expiratory flow limitation, and dynamic hyperinflation, evaluated from the change in inspiratory capacity (IC), were measured at rest and were compared with those due to inhaled salbutamol.
[The use of helium-oxygen mixture in the ventilation study of children with chronic obstructive lung disease].
J Pediatr (Rio J)
January 2000
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of Tc-99m DTPA radioaerosol when heliox or oxygen are used in the nebulization of children and adolescents with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during pulmonary ventilation scintigraphy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical randomized and controlled trial. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (5 to 18 years old) who required pulmonary scintigraphy between March 1996 and September 1998 were included.
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