In twelve patients the EEG was recorded under isoflurane--nitrous oxide inhalation anesthesia. A quiet EEG pattern was registered, without suppressions and seizures of spike activity which are often observed under enflurane. This was the case even when end expiratory CO2 shifted to low values (3-3.6 Vol%). In one patient the induction with N2O/O2 and thiopentone, resulted in spikes and suppression bursts on the EEG. After isoflurane was added, these changes disappeared. In another patient, epileptic EEG patterns were observed prior to the induction (confirmed by the history of the patient). During isoflurane anesthesia the epileptic waves disappeared and remained absent.
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PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Temperature regulation in dogs is significantly impaired during general anesthesia. Glabrous skin on paws may facilitate thermoregulation from this area and is a potential target for interventions attenuating hypothermia. This pilot study aimed to compare efficacy of an innovative warming device placed on the front paws (AVAcore; AVA), with no warming methods (NONE) and conventional truncal warming methods (CONV; circulating water blanket/forced air warmer) on rectal temperature and anesthetic recovery times.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnesthesiology
January 2025
Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medicine School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Background: Multi-compartment computer models of heterogeneity in alveolar ventilation-perfusion ratios (VA/Q scatter) across the lung explain the significant alveolar-arterial (A-a) partial pressure gradients and associated alveolar dead-space fractions (VDA/VA) seen in anesthetized patients for both carbon dioxide and for anesthetic gases of different blood solubilities. However, the accuracy of a simpler two-compartment model of VA/Q scatter to do this has not been tested or compared to calculations from the traditional Riley model with "ideal", unventilated (shunt) and unperfused (deadspace) compartments.
Methods: Measurements of gas partial pressures in inspired and expired gas and arterial and mixed venous blood from 29 patients undergoing inhalational general anesthesia for cardiac surgery was used to compare the accuracy of two simple models of VA/Q scatter and lung gas exchange in predicting measured alveolar and arterial partial pressure differences, and associated alveolar dead-space calculations for the modern anesthetic gases isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane.
Vet Rec
January 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
Background: Dobutamine is used to treat hypotension in isoflurane-anaesthetised horses but may produce arrhythmias. Halothane is a volatile anaesthetic that was, historically, widely used in horses, but in one study, 56 of 200 halothane-anaesthetised horses (28%) developed arrhythmias after dobutamine administration. Although isoflurane has largely replaced halothane, it is unknown how isoflurane and dobutamine interact in the development of arrhythmias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnesth Analg
January 2025
Reversal Therapeutics, Inc., National Harbor, Maryland.
Vet Anaesth Analg
January 2025
Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Objective: To determine the effects of rapid (1 minute) and slow (10 minutes) intravenous (IV) injection of sodium penicillin on arterial blood pressure in anesthetized horses.
Study Design: Prospective randomized clinical trial.
Animals: A group of 29 client-owned horses of various breeds, 1-20 years old, with body masses of 360-710 kg.
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