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Updates in Arterial Ulcers.

Nurs Clin North Am

March 2025

Division of Vascular, Endovascular, and Wound Surgery, Department of Surgery and Medical Education, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 1095, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614-2598, USA. Electronic address:

Arterial ulcers are a clinical symptom of a complex array of underlying comorbid factors, namely peripheral artery disease (PAD). Chronic limb-threatening ischemia is representative of end-stage PAD. Ulcers of other etiologies can carry an arterial component, mandating recognition of risk factors, a comprehensive history and physical examination, and appropriate diagnostic testing in lower extremity ulcers.

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The Wound, Ostomy, and Continence (WOC) nurses undertake critical duties after an earthquake. These tasks include emergency triage and treatment, prevention and management of infection, prevention of organ loss, psychological support to the injured, and close cooperation and support with other health care professionals. Although WOC nurses have received advanced training in wound management in the basic training and certified training programs they receive, wound management in earthquake conditions is not a part of their training.

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Surgical site infections (SSIs) pose a significant challenge in surgical care, leading to increased patient morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. This article examines the risk factors for SSIs, particularly within the operating room environment, and highlights effective prevention strategies. Key pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, are identified, and the role of infection control practices, including hand hygiene, surgical techniques, and environmental controls, is discussed.

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Wound infection can prolong the healing process, leading to various complications. Although the use of antibiotics is common, it presents challenges such as poor pharmacokinetics. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance has further complicated wound management.

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Preventing bacterial infection and accelerating wound closure are critical for wound healing. Herein, a novel multifunctional polyvinyl alcohol-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVA-PVP) microneedle (MN) patch embedded with enzyme-like activity (CoFe)(S) (CFS) nanoparticles and metal ions (Co and Fe) was systematically synthesized for the management of bacteria-infected wounds. CFS regulated redox homeostasis and achieved bacterial eradication while concomitantly alleviating oxidative damage.

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