Two experimental lots of hepatitis B vaccine were prepared by purification of HBsAg from human plasma, inactivation at 100 degrees C for 2 min and at 37 degrees C for 72 hours with formalin in a concentration of 1:4000. The former lot comprises purified HBsAg (40 mg/ml) adsorbed with 0.32 mg % Al(OH)3, the latter consists of purified HBsAg stabilized with 0.1% human albumin and adsorbed with 1 mg% Al(OH)3. The immune response after vaccination with the first lot was observed in 54.54% of the vaccinees. The second vaccine after 3 administrations of 80 micrograms/ml each produced a very good primary and a very good secondary immune response. Both vaccines are nonreactogenic and well tolerated by the vaccinees.
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Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India. Electronic address:
Background: Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is a stable, episomal form of HBV DNA. cccDNA is a true marker for the intrahepatic events in controlled CHB infection. Quantifying cccDNA is critical for monitoring disease progression, and efficacy of anti-viral therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
October 2024
Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India.
Introduction: Patients with chronic HBV infection (CHI) exhibit defective anti-viral immune-response whose underlying causes still remain unclear. Monocytes act as immune sentinels for pathogens and can regulate immunity via interaction with other immune-cells, apart from differentiating into macrophages. Immune-checkpoint molecules (ICMs) expressed by immune-cells, including monocytes are known to negatively regulate immune-responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
April 2024
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
In certain low-income nations, the hepatitis Delta virus and hepatitis B virus (HBV) pose a serious medical burden, where the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is greater than 8%. Especially in rural places, irregular diagnostic exams are the main restriction and reason for underestimation. Utilizing serum samples from a Pakistani isolate, an internal ELISA for the quick identification of anti-HDV was created, and the effectiveness of the test was compared to a commercial diagnostic kit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirus Genes
April 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Avicenna J Med Biotechnol
January 2023
Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Background: The synchronous expression of antigen and adjuvant proteins in plant hosts presents an intriguing potential for vaccine production and the enhancement of appropriate immune responses. In this study, we examined the expression of bioactive murine interferon-gamma (mIFN-γ) along with HBsAg in tobacco and lettuce leaves aimed to further perform the analysis of immune responses in the mouse model.
Methods: Monocistronic and bicistronic cassettes, carrying genes encoding mIFN-γ and HBsAg in various orders, were constructed.
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