This study describes a new visual acuity test for preschool and exceptional children. It is independent of verbal responses, uses a forced-choice testing procedure, incorporates the psychometric design advantages of the Landolt ring, and can be administered at 3m (10 ft) in 5 to 7 minutes. The results support its construct validity in accurately measuring visual acuity levels and its clinical applicability for preschool and exceptional children.
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Spec Care Dentist
January 2025
Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
Aims: To evaluate the impact of anthropometric and sociodemographic factors on dental caries and gingival health among children with special healthcare needs (SHCN).
Methods And Results: This cross-sectional study involved 108 children, aged 4-14 years, with congenital heart disease, childhood cancer, bleeding disorders, various syndromes, and multiple conditions. Caregivers completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, and children underwent dental examinations to assess caries, gingival health, and oral hygiene.
Acta Neuropathol Commun
January 2025
Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
Histone mutations (H3 K27M, H3 G34R/V) are molecular features defining subtypes of paediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas (HGG) (diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3 K27-altered, diffuse hemispheric glioma (DHG), H3 G34-mutant). The WHO classification recognises in exceptional cases, these mutations co-occur. We report one such case of a 2-year-old female presenting with neurological symptoms; MRI imaging identified a brainstem lesion which was biopsied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAndes Pediatr
August 2024
Unidad de Nefrología, Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Cell Rep Med
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence, AI Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. Electronic address:
We propose a knowledge-enhanced electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis foundation model (KED) that utilizes large language models to incorporate domain-specific knowledge of ECG signals. This model is trained on 800,000 ECGs from nearly 160,000 unique patients. Despite being trained on single-center data, KED demonstrates exceptional zero-shot diagnosis performance across various regions, including different locales in China, the United States, and other regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Cancer
December 2024
Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Evading apoptosis fuels the aggressive nature of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study explored the potential roles of TNF-α, a pro-apoptotic cytokine, and TGF-β, a pro-proliferative factor, in the risk of developing ALL in Egyptian children. We investigated the TNF-α rs1800629 polymorphism and serum TGF-β levels in 100 ALL patients and 100 healthy controls.
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