The authors report on their experiences gained by animal experiments (calf) and their attempts (human corpses) concerning adaptation of the apparatus to the human thorax. At the present time they do not see a chance for its routine clinical use. The main reason why is the impossibility to install the extrathoracic driving system into the thoracic cage and last not least the wear of the material used for the heart chambers.
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Nature
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
The amount of methane released to the atmosphere from the Nord Stream subsea pipeline leaks remains uncertain, as reflected in a wide range of estimates. A lack of information regarding the temporal variation in atmospheric emissions has made it challenging to reconcile pipeline volumetric (bottom-up) estimates with measurement-based (top-down) estimates. Here we simulate pipeline rupture emission rates and integrate these with methane dissolution and sea-surface outgassing estimates to model the evolution of atmospheric emissions from the leaks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
The Nord Stream pipeline leaks on 26 September 2022 released 465 ± 20 kt of methane into the atmosphere, which is the largest recorded transient anthropogenic methane emission event. While most of the gas escaped directly to the atmosphere, a fraction dissolved in the water. So far, studies on the fate of this dissolved methane rely on pipeline volumetric estimates or spatially sparse concentration measurements and ocean models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Department of Marine Science, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, Göteborg, 405 30, Sweden.
A suspected 443-486 kt of methane escaped from the Nord Stream pipelines in September 2022 at four explosion sites across three pipelines. Much of this methane rapidly escaped to the atmosphere, while an unknown amount was dissolved. We use sustained high-resolution observations of methane concentrations from autonomous gliders and an instrumented ship of opportunity to reveal the timing and spread of dissolved methane across different Baltic regions and marine protected areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Asian J
January 2025
Leibniz-Institut fur Katalyse eV, organmetallic and catalyst, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, GERMANY.
Imidazolines play pivotal roles in numerous fields. However, the direct construction of imidazolines from primary amines involves precise C-C and C-N bond formations, rendering this area still underdeveloped to this day. Herein, a photo-driven metal-free catalytic system has been successfully applied to a novel coupling-cyclization reaction between arylamines and formaldehyde, enabling the direct synthesis of various 1,3-diarylimidazolines from primary amines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGraefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany.
Purpose: The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other retinal degenerative diseases. The introduction of healthy RPE cell cultures into the subretinal space offers a potential treatment strategy. The aim of this study was the long-term culture and characterisation of RPE cells on nanofiber scaffolds.
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