Interaction of a stable conditioned reflex and trace visual image of a natural alimentary stimulus was studied in two groups of chimpanzee youngs. A. higher stability of visual imaginative memory was observed in animals of the elder group.
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Addict Biol
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
The ability of environmental cues to trigger alcohol-seeking behaviours is thought to facilitate problematic alcohol use. Individuals' tendency to attribute incentive salience to cues may increase the risk of addiction. We sought to study the relationship between incentive salience and alcohol addiction using non-preferring rats to model the heterogeneity of human alcohol consumption, investigating both males and females.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219, USA.
Cue reactivity is the maladaptive neurobiological and behavioral response upon exposure to drug cues and is a major driver of relapse. A widely accepted assumption is that drugs of abuse result in disparate dopamine responses to cues that predict drug vs. natural rewards.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a key brain region for motivated behaviors, yet how distinct neuronal populations encode appetitive or aversive stimuli remains undetermined. Using microendoscopic calcium imaging in mice, we tracked NAc shell D1- or D2-medium spiny neurons' (MSNs) activity during exposure to stimuli of opposing valence and associative learning. Despite drift in individual neurons' coding, both D1- and D2-population activity was sufficient to discriminate opposing valence unconditioned stimuli, but not predictive cues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPain Rep
February 2025
Pain Research Institute, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Pain phenomenology in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) shows considerable overlap with neuropathic pain. Altered neural processing leading to symptoms of neuropathic pain can occur at the level of the spinal cord, and 1 potential mechanism is spinal disinhibition. A biomarker of spinal disinhibition is impaired H-reflex rate-dependent depression (HRDD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Sci Learn
December 2024
KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Perception and perceptual memory play crucial roles in fear generalization, yet their dynamic interaction remains understudied. This research (N = 80) explored their relationship through a classical differential conditioning experiment. Results revealed that while fear context perception fluctuates over time with a drift effect, perceptual memory remains stable, creating a disjunction between the two systems.
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